英语翻译Positive aspects People have the unfortunate tendency to

英语翻译
Positive aspects
People have the unfortunate tendency to "throw the baby out with the bath water." If they don't agree with ideas a,b,and c,they figure x,y,and z must be wrong as well.But Freud had quite a few good ideas,so good that they have been incorporated into many other theories,to the point where we forget to give him credit.
First,Freud made us aware of two powerful forces and their demands on us.Back when everyone believed people were basically rational,he showed how much of our behavior was based on biology.When everyone conceived of people as individually responsible for their actions,he showed the impact of society.When everyone thought of male and female as roles determined by nature or God,he showed how much they depended on family dynamics.The id and the superego -- the psychic manifestations of biology and society -- will always be with us in some form or another.
Second is the basic theory,going back to Breuer,of certain neurotic symptoms as caused by psychological traumas.Although most theorists no longer believe that all neurosis can be so explained,or that it is necessary to relive the trauma to get better,it has become a common understanding that a childhood full of neglect,abuse,and tragedy tends to lead to an unhappy adult.
Third is the idea of ego defenses.Even if you are uncomfortable with Freud's idea of the unconscious,it is clear that we engage in little manipulations of reality and our memories of that reality to suit our own needs,especially when those needs are strong.I would recommend that you learn to recognize these defenses:You will find that having names for them will help you to notice them in yourself and others!
Finally,the basic form of therapy has been largely set by Freud.Except for some behaviorist therapies,most therapy is still "the talking cure," and still involves a physically and socially relaxed atmosphere.And,even if other theorists do not care for the idea of transference,the highly personal nature of the therapeutic relationship is generally accepted as important to success.
Some of Freud's ideas are clearly tied to his culture and era.Other ideas are not easily testable.Some may even be a matter of Freud's own personality and experiences.But Freud was an excellent observer of the human condition,and enough of what he said has relevance today that he will be a part of personality textbooks for years to come.Even when theorists come up with dramatically different ideas about how we work,they compare their ideas with Freud's.
Readings
Freud's work is preserved in a 23 volume set called The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud.For a briefer overview,you might want to try Freud's A General Introduction to Psychoanalysis or New Introductory Lectures on Psychoanalysis.They are a part of The Standard Edition,but can also be found separately and in paperback.Or you might try a collection,such as The Basic Writings of Sigmund Freud.
求翻译准点的，软件翻的不准！
Some of Freud's most interesting works are The Interpretation of Dreams,his own favorite,The Psychopathology of Everyday Life,about Freudian slips and other day-to-day oddities,Totem and Taboo,Freud's views on our beginnings,Civilization and Its Discontents,his pessimistic commentary on modern society,and The Future of an Illusion,on religion.All are a part of The Standard Edition,but all are available as separate paperbacks as well.

正面（本文似乎是讲弗洛伊德学说的长处）
不幸的是人们有抉瑕掩瑜的习惯（原文是英语谚语,倒洗澡水把婴儿也倒掉,指因为部分缺点而拒绝整个观点,很难直翻,这个成语比较接近,虽然有点晦涩,也可以用因噎废食,有点细微的不同）.如果他们不同意A,B,C观点,他们也会觉得X,Y,Z不对.但弗洛伊德有一些很好的观点,这些看法因为其优秀被很多其它理论使用,以至于我们常忘记它们的出处在弗洛伊德.
首先,弗洛伊德提出了有两种强大的作用以及它们对我们的影响.在大家都相信人基本上是理性的时候,他指出了我们的行为有多大程度上是基于生物本能的（这儿biology不是生物学,而是弗洛伊德所相信的人个性受本能支配的部分）.在大家都觉得人个体对其行为有责任时,他指出社会对个人行为的影响.在大家都觉得男人和女人的角色是上帝或者自然决定的时候,他指出这些角色受家庭内部动力的影响.本我和超我 － 本能和社会在心理上的投射－永远都会以各种形式和我们共存.
其次是可以追朔到布罗伊尔的关于有心理创伤引起的某些精神症状的基本理论.虽然大多数理论学家不再相信所有的精神病可以被这理论解释,以及要回忆创伤经历来回复.但儿童时代充满忽略,虐待和悲剧会导致成年人的不愉快已经是一个广为接受的常识.
第三是关于自我防御的概念.即使你觉得弗洛伊德的潜意识概念不合适,人一直在对现实及我们对现实的记忆进行些微的操作来满足自己的需要,在这种需要强烈时更是如此这点是很清楚的.我推荐你学会辨认这种防御机制：你会发现对这些机制起名会帮助你注意到自己及别人身上的这些机制!
最后,弗洛伊德基本上建立了治疗的基础形式.除了一些行为治疗,大多数的治疗都仍然是在物理性上及社会性上放松的气氛下进行的“谈话治疗”.即使其它理论学家不接受移情的概念,也一般承认治疗关系中的高度私人性质对治疗成功很重要.
弗洛伊德的一些概念很清楚的带有他的文化和时代的印记.另一些概念不容易鉴定.有一些甚至是基于他本人的性格和经历的.但不可否认弗洛伊德是一位出色的人性观察者,他的理论中今天仍然适用的部分保证在很多年后他还将会是心理课本中的一部分.即使理论学家关于人是怎样的这一问题有和他南辕北辙的看法,他们仍然把自己的意见和弗洛伊德的加以对比.
问题补充：
阅读
弗洛伊德的研究成果全部保存在23卷的西格蒙特·弗洛伊德心理学全集标准版中.如果要更简短的介绍,可以试读他的精神分析论或者精神分析引论新篇.这两本书都是标准版的一部分,也可以找到独立的简装本.或者可以试读文集,例如弗洛伊德基本文集.
弗洛伊德最有趣的一些书籍包括他自己最为喜爱的“梦的解析”,关于弗洛伊德失言现象及其它日常生活中的怪异之处的“日常生活的心理病理学”,弗洛伊德关于人类社会起源的“图腾和禁忌”,他对现代社会的悲观评论“文明及其不满”,关于宗教的“幻象的未来”.这些书都是标准版的一部分,但都以独立的简装本出版.