英语翻译二．中西方的文化差异在英语教学中体现及对于其影响1．称呼语我们知道,每个民族都有不同于其他民族的文化背景,这种文

英语翻译
二．中西方的文化差异在英语教学中体现及对于其影响
1．称呼语
我们知道,每个民族都有不同于其他民族的文化背景,这种文化背景有在于社会的各个方面.人们的一言一行,无不受到它的制约.在汉语里很礼貌的称呼在英语里可能是很不礼貌的.例如“小+姓”在汉语里是个亲切的称呼语,但若用此称呼一位美国人,却是极不礼貌的.反过来美国人喜欢用名字称呼对方,以示亲切.但在中国,直呼其名在很多场合都显得不够尊重.这是由于文化不同而产生的语域上的差别.中国人称呼别人时,有时在此人所担任的职务前加上他的姓,这样的称呼都是属于懂英美文化的“仿制品”.其实在绝大多数场合下,英美人称呼男的为Mr,女的Mrs或Miss就够了.只有少数职业或职务可用于称呼.如医生或博士学位的人称Doctor.有权主持法庭审判的人可称judge等.
2．感谢和答谢
一般来说,我们中国人再家庭成员之间很少用“谢谢”.如果用了,听起来很怪,或相互关系上有了距离,而在英语国家“Thank you”几乎用语一切场合,所有人之间,即使父母与子女,兄弟姐妹甚至夫妻关系之间也不例外.给你一块面包,对方都会说“Thank you”,公共场合,不管别人帮你什么忙,你都要说Thank you,这是最起码的礼节,当别人问是否要吃点或喝点什么时,我们通常习惯与客气一番,回答不用了,按照英语国家的习惯,你若想要就不要推辞,说声“Yes please”.若不想要只要说“No ,thanks”就行了,这也充分体现了中国人含蓄和英语国家人坦荡直率的不同风格
3．打招呼
在讲英语的国家里,每当朋友,熟人见面时总要相互打招呼或相互问候,中国人见面时的一句常用话是“吃过饭了吗”,如果你跟英语国家的人这样说,他们认为你是想请他们吃饭,英语国家打招呼通常以天气,健康状况,交通体育以及兴趣,爱好为话题
4．节日
中国和英语国家的文化差异还显著的表现在节日方面.除共同的节日（New Year’s Day）外,双方还各有自己独特的节日,中国有”the spring festival,the dragon boat festival,mid-autumn day等.英语国家有”Valentine’s Day,Easter,April fool’s Day等
5．礼节
中国和英国国家的文化差异还显著的表现在某些礼仪方面.如对于别人送来的礼物,中国人和英语国家的人也表现出不同的态度.中国人往往要推辞一番,表现的无可奈何的接受,接受一般也不当面打开,如果当面打开,可能招致“贪财”的嫌疑.而在英语文化中,人们对别人送来得礼物一般都要当面打开,称赞一番,并且欣然道谢.反之会被认为是不重视,不在意别人的礼物,才是不礼貌.

2.Chinese and Western cultural differences in the teaching of English and to reflect an impact.Vocatives we know that each nation has different from other ethnic and cultural backgrounds,This is a cultural background in all aspects of society.People say and do,all by its constraints.Lane is in Chinese courtesy call in the English Lane could be discourteous.For example,the "mini + surname" in Chinese Lane is a cordial salutation,but with this one the Americans call,but it is very discourteous.Conversely Americans like to call each other by name,to show cordial.In China,however,by their names on many occasions is a lack of respect.This is due to the different culture and the language domain difference.Chinese people call other people,sometimes in person was in the office before adding his surname,such names belong to Anglo-American culture to understand the "fake products." In fact,in most occasions,the United Kingdom and the United States where the men for Mr,Mrs or woman Miss obvious.Only a few occupations or positions can be used to call.If the doctor or the doctor's called Doctor.The right to chair the court can judge said such.2.Thanks and appreciation Generally,we Chinese people again among family members rarely use "Thank you." If that sounds very strange,or mutual relations with distance,In English-speaking countries,"Thank you" phrase almost all occasions,between all,even parents and children,brothers and sisters,even between husband and wife is no exception.Give you a piece of bread,the other side will say "Thank you",public occasions,no matter what other people help you busy.Thank you say you have,this is the most basic courtesy,when asked whether people should eat or what drinking can occur,We usually with the customary courtesies,the answer is no need,other trouble,according to the English-speaking countries of habit,if you do not want on the way out and said,"Yes please." If not want to just say "No,thanks" on the trip,This fully embodies the Chinese people implicitly and English-speaking countries were forthright bluntness three different styles.Notice in the English-speaking countries,whenever friends and acquaintances to meet each other when they greet each other or greetings,Chinese to meet the one commonly used words "eating the right," If you follow the English saying,They think you want to invite them to eat,the English-speaking countries is usually greeted by the weather,state of health,traffic and interest in sports,love for the topic 4.Chinese festival and the English-speaking countries of the cultural differences also notable manifestation of the festival area.Apart from the common holiday (New Year's Day),both parties have their own unique festivals,China,"the spring festival,the dragon boat festival.mid-autumn day,and so on.English-speaking countries "Valentine's Day,Easter,April fool's Day,etc.5.China and the United Kingdom courtesy of cultural differences is also notable in the performance of certain rituals.If other people brought gifts,Chinese and English-speaking countries also showed a different attitude.Chinese people often have to decline some,the performance of alternative acceptable,not acceptable to the general face-to-face open,if the face-to-face open,may lead to "money" is suspect.In English culture,people brought in the right people in general have to face gifts opened,and praised some,and pleased to thank.Instead be considered neglect,others do not really care about this gift is impolite