英语翻译Organizational Change & Development §18.1 Forces of Chan

英语翻译
Organizational Change & Development
§18.1 Forces of Change
Specific factors acting as stimulants for change
Dynamic & Changing environment
• Technology:IT automation,TQM program,BPR
• nature of the work force :more cultural diversity,increase in professions,many new entrants with inadequate skills
• economic shocks :security market crashes,interest rate fluctuations,foreign currency fluctuations
• competition:global competitions,mergers & considerations,growth of specialty retailers
• social trend s:increase in college attendance & divorce rate,delayed marriages by young peoples
• world politics
2.Managing Planned Change
• Change:making things different.
• Planned Change：change activities that are intentional & goal-oriented.Accidental occurrence; proactive & purposeful
• the goals :improve the ability of - to adapt to changes in its environment; change -- behavior
• order of magnitude:1st-order:linear & continuous,no fundamental shift; 2nd-order:multidimensional,multilevel,discontinuous,& radical
• Change agents:persons acting as catalysts & assume the responsibility for managing
3.What can change agents change?
• Structure:alter 1 or more of the key elements in --,major modifications in
• technology:most of early studies dealt with efforts aimed at technological change.introduction of new equipment,tools,methods;automation;computerization
• physical setting:consider work demands,formal interaction requirement & social needs when m- d.About space configurations,interior design,equip placement
• people:changing the attitudes & behaviors of --.od
4.Resistance to change
• Individual:habit,security,economic factors,fear of the unknown,selective information process
• organization:structural inertia,limited focus of change,group inertia,threat to expertise,threat to established power relationships,(R-A)
• overcoming:education & communication,participation,facilitation & support,negotiation,manipulation & cooperation,coersion
• the politics of change:threaten the status quo; power,stakeholder,impetus--new comer

Organizational Change & Development
组织变动和发展
§18.1 Forces of Change
（产生）变动的动力
Specific factors acting as stimulants for change
刺激变动的特殊因素
Dynamic & Changing environment
动态的和不断改变的环境
• Technology:IT automation,TQM program,BPR
科技：IT 自动化,全面质量管理体系,企业流程再造
• nature of the work force :more cultural diversity,increase in professions,many new entrants with inadequate skills
劳动力的性质：更丰富的文化多样性,职业/同行的增加,大量不熟练的新进员工
• economic shocks :security market crashes,interest rate fluctuations,foreign currency fluctuations
经济震动/打击：证券市场崩溃,利率浮动,外汇浮动
• competition:global competitions,mergers & considerations,growth of specialty retailers
竞争：全球竞争,并购与considerations（?你确定是这个词）,专业零售商的增加
• social trend s:increase in college attendance & divorce rate,delayed marriages by young peoples
社会潮流：受大学教育比率和离婚率上升,年轻人晚婚
• world politics
世界政治
2.Managing Planned Change
2.管理已规划的变动
• Change:making things different.
变动：使事情不同
• Planned Change：change activities that are intentional & goal-oriented.Accidental occurrence; proactive & purposeful
已规划的变动：有意识有目标的变动.意外发生；主动的,有目的的.
• the goals :improve the ability of - to adapt to changes in its environment; change -- behavior
目标:提高 - 在它的环境中适应变化的能力；改变 -- 行为.
• order of magnitude:1st-order:linear & continuous,no fundamental shift; 2nd-order:multidimensional,multilevel,discontinuous,& radical
数量级：第一级：线性的,持续的,无根本变动；第二级：多方面,多层次,不连续的,根本上的.
• Change agents:persons acting as catalysts & assume the responsibility for managing
变更经理人：作为催化剂,并评估管理职责的人员
3.What can change agents change?
3.变更经理人能改变什么?
• Structure:alter 1 or more of the key elements in --,major modifications in
结构：改变一个或多个--中的关键因素,在.中的深度变革
• technology:most of early studies dealt with efforts aimed at technological change.introduction of new equipment,tools,methods;automation;computerization
科技：许多早期研究都是关于为技术改变所做的努力.新的设备,工具,方法的引进；自动化；计算机化
• physical setting:consider work demands,formal interaction requirement & social needs when m- d.About space configurations,interior design,equip placement
实体设定（不确定是不是这么翻）：考虑工作需要,正式交流要求和社会需求当m-d.关于空间构形,内部设计,设备布局.
• people:changing the attitudes & behaviors of --.od
人：改变--.od的态度和行为
4.Resistance to change
4.对变更的抗拒
• Individual:habit,security,economic factors,fear of the unknown,selective information process
个人：习惯,安全,经济因素,对未知的担心,可选择的信息通道/过程（?不知道怎么翻合适）
• organization:structural inertia,limited focus of change,group inertia,threat to expertise,threat to established power relationships,(R-A)
组织：结构惯性,对变更的有限关注,团队惯性,对专业的威胁,对已有权力关系的威胁,(R-A)
• overcoming:education & communication,participation,facilitation & support,negotiation,manipulation & cooperation,coersion
克服：教育和交流,参与,便利和支持,谈判,操控与合作,coersion（疑为错词）
• the politics of change:threaten the status quo; power,stakeholder,impetus--new comer
变更的政治因素/阻力：威胁现状；权力,股权,促进--新来者