作业帮求一篇关于农业喷雾或者精确喷雾的英文文章 有的留言 要是有中文翻译的 大约5000字左右
来源：学生作业帮 编辑：拍题作业网作业帮 分类：综合作业 时间：2024/04/30 04:23:24
求一篇关于农业喷雾或者精确喷雾的英文文章 有的留言 要是有中文翻译的 大约5000字左右
Spray application of herbicides, insecticides, and pesticides is essential to distribute these materials over the intended target surface. Pre-emergent herbicides are sprayed onto soil, but many materials are applied to the plant leaf surface. Agricultural sprays include the spraying of cropland, forest, turf grass, and orchards. The sprayer may be a hand nozzle, on a ground vehicle, or on an aircraft. Herbicides, insecticides and pesticides are spray applied to soil or plant foliage to distribute and disperse these materials. See aerial application, pesticide application, sprayer. The control of spray characteristics is critical to provide the coverage of foliage and to minimize off target drifting of the spray to adjacent areas. (pesticide drift). Spray drift is managed by applying only in appropriate wind conditions and humidity, and by controlling drop size and drop size distribution. Minimizing the height of the spray boom above the crop reduces drift. The spray nozzle type and size and the operating pressure provide the correct application rate of the material and control the amount of driftable fines. Spays, single fluid nozzles, are also used to cool animals.
果园喷雾嵌入式远程监测技术是实现果园自动化精确喷雾的其中一项重要技术.为了探究一种应用在果园喷雾方面的可行的远程监测技术,本研究将嵌入式技术、GPRS网络技术和GPS技术应用到果园喷雾的过程监测上,为实现喷雾的远程监控,结合基于地图和基于传感器的喷雾综合技术进行全方位的喷雾监控打下基础.本研究是国家自然科学基金研究项目 “果树仿形喷施农药的方法与技术研究” （30270764）和广东省科技攻关项目 “果树低污染精确喷施农药的技术与设备研究” （2003C20505）的一部份.监测系统由监测端的嵌入式系统和远端的PC机两大部分组成.监测端的嵌入式系统负责对喷雾压力、喷雾流量和车载喷雾器经纬度信息等数据的采集、处理、显示和发送.远端的PC机负责接收监测端利用GPRS网络通过Internet发过来的数据,然后根据其中的经纬度数据画出车载喷雾器的实时运行轨迹,在PC的显示器上显示相关的喷雾量数据,并将数据保存到PC机的硬盘中.监测端的嵌入式系统主要由FS44B0XII嵌入式开发板、GPS模块M12及其开发板、GPRS模块G20及其开发板、CAN总线控制器SJA100及其开发板、传感器智能节点和LCD套件C57组成.通过对目前比较流行的嵌入式处理器各方面特点的比较,本研究采用S3C44B0X作为系统监测端的处理器.监测端以嵌入式处理器S3C44B0X为核心,以GPS模块M12为地理定位工具,以GPRS模块G20为远程数据传输工具,以GPRS网络和Internet为数据传输载体,以传感器智能节点为数据采集工具,以CAN总线为数据传输渠道,以C57彩色液晶屏为数据显示工具.在监测端,为了简化嵌入式程序的开发,将嵌入式操作系统μC/OS-II和图形用户界面程序包μC/GUI移植到FS44B0XII上,并在其基础上编写嵌入式系统与其他各模块的接口程序和数据采集、处理、显示、发送程序组成的嵌入式监测软件.通过对GPRS网络中的两种通信协议在性能、效率和可靠性方面的比较,本文提出了利用GPRS网络,按照UDP/IP协议进行远程实时喷雾量数据传输的可行方法.本研究利用MATLAB开发环境强大的数据处理能力和方便的网络功能,设计并编制了系统中PC机端的数据采集软件.对系统的定位精度和GPRS数据传输链路的维持时间进行了测定.静态定位精度在7.81 m之内；本地的GPRS数传链路维持时间为60 s.进行了喷雾远程监测系统运行实验.实验表明,本系统能顺利实现对果园喷雾量（喷雾压力、流量和车载喷雾器的经纬度）进行远程监测、车载喷雾器运行轨迹的描绘和相关数据的保存,证明了本研究所讨论的远程监测技术是可行的.
The technology of embedded long-distance monitoring for spray in orchard is one of the important techniques for automatically precise spray in orchard. The techniques of embedded system, GPRS network and GPS were applied in this study in order to getting ready for remote synthetical monitoring and control for spray, which will integrate the technique of map-based spray and the technique of sensor-based spray. This study is a part of “the technique and methods of profile modeling spray for fruit tree” （project serial umber: 30270764）, which belongs to national natural science foundation items. The monitoring system was composed of an embedded system which was in the monitoring end and a PC which was in the remote end. To collect, dispose, display and transmit the data of spray pressure, flux and the longitude and latitude of the vehicular spray equipment were tasks for the embedded system in the monitoring end. And the PC in the remote end was in charge of incepting the data which were transmitted by the monitoring equipment through internet based on GPRS network, portraying the real-time track of the locomotive the vehicular spray equipment according to the data of longitude and latitude, displaying correlative data on PC’s screen and saving them to the hard disk. The embedded system in the remote end was mainly composed of a embedded applied PCB FS44B0XII, a GPS module M12 and its applied PCB, a GPRS module G20 and its applied PCB, a CAN bus controller SJA1000 and its applied PCB、the intelligent sensors and the LCD suite C57. After comparing the characteristics of several prevalent embedded processors, the embedded processor S3C44B0X was adopted in the monitoring end. The embedded processor S3C44B0X was the kernel of the monitoring end. The GPS module M12 was the geographical positioning instrument of the system. The GPRS module G20 was a tool for data transmission. The GPRS network and the internet were carriers for data transmission. And the intelligent sensors were used to collect spray data. The CAN bus was the channel for data transmission which is between intelligent sensors and the embedded system. And the LCD C57 was the equipment for data output. In the monitoring end, the embedded operation system μC/OS-II and the graphic user interface package μC/GUI were transplanted to FS44B0XII for the sake of predigesting the programming of the embedded software, which was composed of interface programs between S3C44B0X and other modules in system and the programs for data collection, disposal, display and transmission. After comparing the performance, efficiency and dependability of the TCP/IP and UDP/IP of the GPRS network, this study put forward a feasible method for the transmission of spray data, in which UDP/IP was applied. Because of the powerful ability of data processing and the convenient network function, MATLAB was chose to design and compile the software for data collection in the PC end. Experiments indicated that, the static positioning precision of the system is within 7.81m, the local time for maintaining the route for data transmission in GPRS network is 60s, the whole system succeeded in long-distance monitoring the spray pressure, flux, and the vehicular spray equipment’s longitude and latitude, portraying the real-time track of the locomotive the vehicular spray equipment and saving correlative data. And the remote monitoring technology discussed in this study is feasible.
果园喷雾嵌入式远程监测技术是实现果园自动化精确喷雾的其中一项重要技术.为了探究一种应用在果园喷雾方面的可行的远程监测技术,本研究将嵌入式技术、GPRS网络技术和GPS技术应用到果园喷雾的过程监测上,为实现喷雾的远程监控,结合基于地图和基于传感器的喷雾综合技术进行全方位的喷雾监控打下基础.本研究是国家自然科学基金研究项目 “果树仿形喷施农药的方法与技术研究” （30270764）和广东省科技攻关项目 “果树低污染精确喷施农药的技术与设备研究” （2003C20505）的一部份.监测系统由监测端的嵌入式系统和远端的PC机两大部分组成.监测端的嵌入式系统负责对喷雾压力、喷雾流量和车载喷雾器经纬度信息等数据的采集、处理、显示和发送.远端的PC机负责接收监测端利用GPRS网络通过Internet发过来的数据,然后根据其中的经纬度数据画出车载喷雾器的实时运行轨迹,在PC的显示器上显示相关的喷雾量数据,并将数据保存到PC机的硬盘中.监测端的嵌入式系统主要由FS44B0XII嵌入式开发板、GPS模块M12及其开发板、GPRS模块G20及其开发板、CAN总线控制器SJA100及其开发板、传感器智能节点和LCD套件C57组成.通过对目前比较流行的嵌入式处理器各方面特点的比较,本研究采用S3C44B0X作为系统监测端的处理器.监测端以嵌入式处理器S3C44B0X为核心,以GPS模块M12为地理定位工具,以GPRS模块G20为远程数据传输工具,以GPRS网络和Internet为数据传输载体,以传感器智能节点为数据采集工具,以CAN总线为数据传输渠道,以C57彩色液晶屏为数据显示工具.在监测端,为了简化嵌入式程序的开发,将嵌入式操作系统μC/OS-II和图形用户界面程序包μC/GUI移植到FS44B0XII上,并在其基础上编写嵌入式系统与其他各模块的接口程序和数据采集、处理、显示、发送程序组成的嵌入式监测软件.通过对GPRS网络中的两种通信协议在性能、效率和可靠性方面的比较,本文提出了利用GPRS网络,按照UDP/IP协议进行远程实时喷雾量数据传输的可行方法.本研究利用MATLAB开发环境强大的数据处理能力和方便的网络功能,设计并编制了系统中PC机端的数据采集软件.对系统的定位精度和GPRS数据传输链路的维持时间进行了测定.静态定位精度在7.81 m之内；本地的GPRS数传链路维持时间为60 s.进行了喷雾远程监测系统运行实验.实验表明,本系统能顺利实现对果园喷雾量（喷雾压力、流量和车载喷雾器的经纬度）进行远程监测、车载喷雾器运行轨迹的描绘和相关数据的保存,证明了本研究所讨论的远程监测技术是可行的.
The technology of embedded long-distance monitoring for spray in orchard is one of the important techniques for automatically precise spray in orchard. The techniques of embedded system, GPRS network and GPS were applied in this study in order to getting ready for remote synthetical monitoring and control for spray, which will integrate the technique of map-based spray and the technique of sensor-based spray. This study is a part of “the technique and methods of profile modeling spray for fruit tree” （project serial umber: 30270764）, which belongs to national natural science foundation items. The monitoring system was composed of an embedded system which was in the monitoring end and a PC which was in the remote end. To collect, dispose, display and transmit the data of spray pressure, flux and the longitude and latitude of the vehicular spray equipment were tasks for the embedded system in the monitoring end. And the PC in the remote end was in charge of incepting the data which were transmitted by the monitoring equipment through internet based on GPRS network, portraying the real-time track of the locomotive the vehicular spray equipment according to the data of longitude and latitude, displaying correlative data on PC’s screen and saving them to the hard disk. The embedded system in the remote end was mainly composed of a embedded applied PCB FS44B0XII, a GPS module M12 and its applied PCB, a GPRS module G20 and its applied PCB, a CAN bus controller SJA1000 and its applied PCB、the intelligent sensors and the LCD suite C57. After comparing the characteristics of several prevalent embedded processors, the embedded processor S3C44B0X was adopted in the monitoring end. The embedded processor S3C44B0X was the kernel of the monitoring end. The GPS module M12 was the geographical positioning instrument of the system. The GPRS module G20 was a tool for data transmission. The GPRS network and the internet were carriers for data transmission. And the intelligent sensors were used to collect spray data. The CAN bus was the channel for data transmission which is between intelligent sensors and the embedded system. And the LCD C57 was the equipment for data output. In the monitoring end, the embedded operation system μC/OS-II and the graphic user interface package μC/GUI were transplanted to FS44B0XII for the sake of predigesting the programming of the embedded software, which was composed of interface programs between S3C44B0X and other modules in system and the programs for data collection, disposal, display and transmission. After comparing the performance, efficiency and dependability of the TCP/IP and UDP/IP of the GPRS network, this study put forward a feasible method for the transmission of spray data, in which UDP/IP was applied. Because of the powerful ability of data processing and the convenient network function, MATLAB was chose to design and compile the software for data collection in the PC end. Experiments indicated that, the static positioning precision of the system is within 7.81m, the local time for maintaining the route for data transmission in GPRS network is 60s, the whole system succeeded in long-distance monitoring the spray pressure, flux, and the vehicular spray equipment’s longitude and latitude, portraying the real-time track of the locomotive the vehicular spray equipment and saving correlative data. And the remote monitoring technology discussed in this study is feasible.