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The acid rain has been known to make holes in the leaves ___

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The acid rain has been known to make holes in the leaves ____________ in the rain.
A.catching B.caught C.having been caught D.to catch
Eventually,the desert sand once again covered the Sphinx,____________ only the head visible.
A.left B.to leave C.having left D.leaving
A person can be killed by the virus__________________ •
A.if not treated B.not to be treated
C.if he not treated D.not having been treated
Poor health does not rule out happiness except for the______________ or those in pain.
A.Severely weakened B.having severely weakened
C severely weakening D being severe丨y weakened
BDAA
众所周知,酸雨会让雨中的树叶上出现很多洞.
be caught in表示遭遇,caught in the rain是leaves的后置定语,如果是定语从句的话,就是leaves that are caught in the rain.可以理解成是省略了that are,或者理解成leaves和catch之间是被动关系,所以用caught,所以选B.
最终,沙漠再一次覆盖了 Sphinx,只剩下头部还能看到.
leaving表示造成的结果,和前面整个句子是主动关系,前面的情况造成了后面的结果,常常这么用,选D.一般来说,非谓语动词主要分为现在分词ing形式和过去分词ed形式.构成主动关系的用ing形式,构成被动关系的用ed形式.
如果不被治疗的话,人可能会被病毒杀死.
这是一个由if引导的条件状语从句,本为if he/she is not treated,可以理解成省略了he/she is,所以选A.这里的he/she is必须同时出现或者同时不出现.另一种理解就是,person和treat之间是被治疗的被动关系,所以用ed形式,根据语境,所以是if not treated.
身体不健康并不排除幸福的可能性,除非是对于那些身患重病或是深受痛苦的人们.
rule out表示排除...的可能性,except for表示除了...以外.这里是the + 形容词表示一类人的用法,比如 the young就是指年轻人,这里是指身患重病的人,其实ing和ed形式的分词有时候相当于形容词.而这里severely是一个副词,修饰weakened.因为人和weaken构成了被重病削弱健康状况的被动关系,所以用ed形式而不是ing形式,所以选A.those in pain,in pain表示处于痛苦,后置定语修饰those,也可以理解成是those who are in pain的定语从句省略了主语who和谓语are.
非谓语动词是高中英语语法的一个重点、难点和考点,希望LZ可以掌握哦.