作业帮请教一个sat语法题.顺便能帮我详解一下吗.
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请教一个sat语法题.顺便能帮我详解一下吗.
Some sciientits believe that mentally stimulating activities may increase the number of brain cells {available to replace if any} are lost through aging.
(a)available to replace if any
(b) available to replace any that
(c) available,which replaces any that
(d) available,replacing if any
(e) available,they replace any which
这个题貌似是run-on sentence,但是对run-onsentence又不是很了解,
Some sciientits believe that mentally stimulating activities may increase the number of brain cells {available to replace if any} are lost through aging.
(a)available to replace if any
(b) available to replace any that
(c) available,which replaces any that
(d) available,replacing if any
(e) available,they replace any which
这个题貌似是run-on sentence,但是对run-onsentence又不是很了解,
要找到正确答案,最好对括号内外的相关部分进行分析.
主结构划分
主句：Some scientists believe that
宾语从句：mentally stimulating activities may increase the number of brain cells {available to replace if any} are lost through aging.
宾语从句剖析
主语：mentally stimulating activities 精神上的刺激活动
谓语动词：may increase 会增加
宾语：the number of brain cells 大脑细胞的数量
定语：{available to replace 可用来去取代…的细胞）
条件状语：if any} are lost through aging. 如果有任何细胞由于老化而被消耗.
1、通过分析,可以发现定语available to replace中的不定式是及物动词,它与被修饰词cells是主谓关系,即“这些大脑细胞可用来去取代”,但是“取代”什么,replace后面没有宾语,因此原文,也就是(a) available to replace if any不正确.
2、改为(b) 项,此处变成… cells available to replace any that are lost through aging.这样,replace 后有了指代cells的不定代词any作宾语,that are lost through aging 是any的定语从句,意思是“可用来去取代任何由于老化而被消耗掉的大脑细胞的数量”
3、改为(c) 项,此处变成… cells available, which replaces any that are lost through aging.从语法上讲,形容词available 单独作cells的定语,which从句是补充说明的非限制性定语从句,意思变成“现有的大脑细胞的数量,这些大脑细胞由于老化而被消耗掉”.可见,此项改变了原文的意思.
4、改为(d) 项,此处变成cells available, replacing if any are lost through aging.这种情况,分词短语replacing if any are lost through aging从语法上讲尽管能起补充说明作用,但是及物的replacing还是没有宾语,因此是错误的.
5、改为(e) 项,此处变成cells available, they replace any which are lost through aging.虽然they replace any which are lost through aging独立地看没有错误,但是与上文联系起来在语法上说不通.要想使其成立,必须修改如下：
用连词and并列：cells available and they replace any which are lost through aging
用分号并列：cells available；they replace any which are lost through aging
改为定语从句：cells available, which replace any which are lost through aging
改为分词短语：cells available, replacing any which are lost through aging
结论：此题的正确选项应该是 (b) available to replace any that
主结构划分
主句：Some scientists believe that
宾语从句：mentally stimulating activities may increase the number of brain cells {available to replace if any} are lost through aging.
宾语从句剖析
主语：mentally stimulating activities 精神上的刺激活动
谓语动词：may increase 会增加
宾语：the number of brain cells 大脑细胞的数量
定语：{available to replace 可用来去取代…的细胞）
条件状语：if any} are lost through aging. 如果有任何细胞由于老化而被消耗.
1、通过分析,可以发现定语available to replace中的不定式是及物动词,它与被修饰词cells是主谓关系,即“这些大脑细胞可用来去取代”,但是“取代”什么,replace后面没有宾语,因此原文,也就是(a) available to replace if any不正确.
2、改为(b) 项,此处变成… cells available to replace any that are lost through aging.这样,replace 后有了指代cells的不定代词any作宾语,that are lost through aging 是any的定语从句,意思是“可用来去取代任何由于老化而被消耗掉的大脑细胞的数量”
3、改为(c) 项,此处变成… cells available, which replaces any that are lost through aging.从语法上讲,形容词available 单独作cells的定语,which从句是补充说明的非限制性定语从句,意思变成“现有的大脑细胞的数量,这些大脑细胞由于老化而被消耗掉”.可见,此项改变了原文的意思.
4、改为(d) 项,此处变成cells available, replacing if any are lost through aging.这种情况,分词短语replacing if any are lost through aging从语法上讲尽管能起补充说明作用,但是及物的replacing还是没有宾语,因此是错误的.
5、改为(e) 项,此处变成cells available, they replace any which are lost through aging.虽然they replace any which are lost through aging独立地看没有错误,但是与上文联系起来在语法上说不通.要想使其成立,必须修改如下：
用连词and并列：cells available and they replace any which are lost through aging
用分号并列：cells available；they replace any which are lost through aging
改为定语从句：cells available, which replace any which are lost through aging
改为分词短语：cells available, replacing any which are lost through aging
结论：此题的正确选项应该是 (b) available to replace any that