英语翻译Language students often think they have a memory problem

英语翻译
Language students often think they have a memory problem.They worry because they can’t remember vocabulary.They think something is wrong with their brain.In fact,the problem is not their brain or their memory.The problem is the way they study.
If you want to improve your memory,it’s important to understand how it works.There are two kinds of memory:short-term and long-term.All information goes into your short-term memory first.But it can stay there for just a few minutes.In order to remember something for more than a few minutes,it must move into your long-term memory.
Only some things move into your long-term memory.Which things?This is an important question for a student.In fact,your long-term memory keeps things that are interesting or important to you.That’s why you remember big events（事件） in your life or your favourite sports events.Your long-term memory keeps other things,too.It holds onto things that you have thought about and worked with.So if you want to remember words,you have to work with them in some way.
Many students study vocabulary by repeating the words.This may be enough to remember them for a while.But after a day or a week,you may have lost them.The reason for this is very simple.Long-term memory is like a very big library with many,many books.And like a library,it is organized.When you put away a book - or a memory - you can’t just leave it everywhere.If you want to find it again,you have to put it in a certain place.
Repeating a new word doesn’t help you remember it for long,because it doesn’t give you any way to find it again.You need to make a place for the word in your long-term memory.There are many ways you can do this.You can write sentences with the word.Or you can make a very short story about it.You can also make a picture in your mind with the word.For example,if the word is height,you can think of the tallest person you know and try to guess his height.All of these activities are ways to work with words.They make the meaning of words stronger in your long-term memory.And they give you a way to find a word when you read it

学习语言的学生往往以为自己的记忆有问题,因为他们记不住词汇.他们认为是自己的大脑出了问题,但是实际上,问题不在于他们的大脑或者记忆,而在于他们的学习方法.
如果你想提高记忆,那么弄清楚记忆怎样工作非常重要.记忆有两种：短期记忆和长期记忆.所有信息都会首先进入短期记忆,但短期记忆只能保留几分钟.要想记住更长的时间,记忆的内容必须进入长期记忆.
但是,并非所有内容都能进入长期记忆.哪些内容能进入呢?对学生来说,这是一个重要问题.事实上,你的长期记忆会保留那些对你来说有趣或者重要的内容.正因如此,你能记住生活中的大事,或者是你喜欢的体育赛事.你的长期记忆还会保留其他一些内容,比如你思考过的东西,或者是你用过的东西.因此,如果你想记住词汇,你就必须以某种方式经常使用它们.
很多学生靠背诵来记住词汇,这或许能让你暂时记住它们,但是过了一天或者一周后,你可能就忘掉了.原因很简单：长期记忆就像一个非常大的图书馆,里面有很多很多书.而且像图书馆一样,它是组织有序的.当你存放一本书或者说一份记忆时,你不能就那么随便乱放.如果想再次找出它,你就必须把它放在确定的位置上.
反复背诵一个新词不能帮你记住它,因为这不会为你找出它提供任何线索.你需要在长期记忆中为它腾出一个位置.要做到这一点有很多方法.你可以用这个单词造个句子,也可以为它编个非常短的小故事.你还可以用它在头脑中描绘一幅图画.例如,如果这个词是“高度”（height）,那么你可以想想你所知道的最高的那个人,并试着猜猜他的身高.所有这些活动都是使用词汇的方法,它们会让词汇的含义在你的长期记忆中变得更牢固,并且让你有办法从中找出词汇.