化工方面4.Studies on the flammability and fire behavior of TV-se

化工方面
4.Studies on the flammability and fire behavior of TV-sets and PCs
The fire safety of E&E equipment and particularly of TV-sets and PC-monitors was already studied in the past.One study compared the fire hazard of fire-retarded and non fire-retarded products and showed that housings meeting higher fire safety requirements better resist ignition and delay the flame propagation and the involvement of the whole apparatus in the fire [8].A more recent study dealt with television fires and concluded that TV-sets are basically safe,but that they burn fiercely once ignited [9].
In 1997,a new study with a comprehensive fire testing programmer on the fire safety of TV-sets and PC-monitors was commissioned by the European flame-retardants association EFRA and EBFRIP.1 I was entrusted with the preparation and completion of the whole programmer.The fire tests were carried out at the State Materials Research and Testing Establishment MFPA2 in Leipzig,Germany,and completed in the meantime
[10,11].
The following fire sources were used:
 Methenamine tablet (standardized solid fuel pellet) for simulating a lowest energy fire source like an internal electrical fault (short circuit) or an external open flame (match)
 Small candle (plate warmer,also called “tea light” or “night light”)
 Household candle (often used as background lights on TV-sets)
 Piece of cloth soaked with isopropanol (secondary ignition source)
 Isopropanol fuel as fire accelerator (to simulate possible arson)
In a first series of tests,backplanes from older and new TV-sets and PC-monitors were exposed to the different fire sources.The second test series was carried out on older and new TV-sets and PC-monitors.Finally,two real life fire tests were performed in a fully furnished room with new TV-sets bought in the USA and Ger-
many.
Samples of the items tested were taken for chemical analysis in order to determine the polymers and the nature of the flame-retardant systems used.The materials used in backplanes were then tested to the standards used in the USA and Europe and their classification established.
The room for testing backplanes and TV-sets/PC-monitors as well as the fully furnished room was equipped with thermocouples for temperature distribution measurement.All tests were video taped and photographed.In some cases,an infrared camera was used.

研究可燃性和防火性能的彩电和电脑的消防安全及电子设备,尤其 彩电和电脑显示器已经研究了过去.一项研究比较了火灾危险性阻燃和非阻燃产品,并表明housings次较高的消防安全 要求,更好地抵御点火及延缓火焰传播,并让整个装置在火灾中[8].更近期的研究处理电视大火和结论,彩电,基本上是安全的,但他们烧猛烈一旦点燃[9].1997年 一项新的研究提供一个全面的防火测试程序员对消防安全的彩电和电脑显示器委托 欧洲阻燃剂协会efra和ebfrip.1我受托准备并完成整个程序.消防进行检验,在国家材料研究和测试建立mfpa2德国莱比锡 并完成了在此之前[10,11].以下火种被用来:methenamine片(标准化固体燃料球)用于模拟能量最低的火源就像一个内部的电力故障(短词 电路)或外部明火(配对)小蜡烛(板回暖,al 所谓"茶灯"或"夜轻")家用蜡烛(常被用作背景灯光彩电)一块cl oth浸泡在异丙醇(二次点火源)异丙醇燃油火加速器(模拟可能纵火)第一se ries测试,定制,从旧的和新的彩电和电脑显示器有机会接触到不同的火源.第二系列测试进行旧和新的彩电和电脑显示器.最后,两个活生生的防火测试中表现出全套家具的房间内,新彩电买在美国 ger许多.样本的检验项目的样本进行化学分析,以确定该聚合物的性质 阻燃制.所使用的材料,backplanes当时测试用的标准,在美国和欧洲,其分类 成立.余地测试定制和tv-sets/pc-monitors以及配备齐全室配备热电偶温度 分布测量.全部测试都是录影及拍照.在有些情况下,一个红外线相机使用.