英语翻译China also shares a similar experience.Behind its impres

英语翻译
China also shares a similar experience.Behind its impressive economic achievements,
a new sector has played an indispensable role.A liberal Chinese economist,
Fan Gang,has suggested that the economic reform in China worked along
the lines of ’incrementalism’ in the sense that substantial development relied
upon the growth of the ’non-state’ sector,the institution outside the state management.’ To be sure,the non-state sector in China is not entirely equivalent
to a private sector in the official sense,because the non-state sector consists of
not only home-grown and foreign-funded private,but also collective firms,
and spin-offs from state institutes that are officially categorised as public firms.
However,in an academic sense,these public firms,which were mostly
established in the reform era,share most of the features of their counterparts,
which are generic private enterprises around the world.Due to lack of legitimacy
as well as policy discrimination against private enterprises almost throughout
Deng Xiaoping’s era,many of these enterprises tried to create a niche by likening
themselves to public enterprises.Since the mid-nineties,however,they have
gradually started identifying themselves as members of the private sector.
Formally registered private enterprises also proliferated at the same time.This
change was propelled by the reform of a corporate regime in the nineties.These
reforms were not primarily aimed at facilitating the growth of the private sector
but at reforming the ailing state-owned enterprises.This article will review
how this unintended consequence happened and how the new corporate regime
shaped the growth pattern of the private sector in China.

中国也有过相似的经历.在其产生惊人的经济成就之前,一种新的经济已经扮演了不可或缺的角色.一位开明的中国经济学家,范刚,指出在某种意义上说,中国的经济改革遵循的是“渐进主义”,就是实质上的发展依靠的是“非国有”经济的发展,是国家管理之外的机构.诚然,在正式意义上,中国的非国有经济并不完全等同于私营经济,因为非国有经济的组成不仅包括家族和外资的私人资本,还包括集体所有制的公司,和官方分类为公企业的国家机构副产品.
但是,在学术意义上,这些公企业,其大部分成立于改革开放时期.具有大部分其他类型企业相同的特点,这也是世界各地私营企业共有的特点.由于邓小平时代合法性的缺乏和政策上对私营企业的歧视,这些企业中的很多尝试通过与公企业的合营来寻找合适的位置.然而,从九十年代中期以来,他们已经逐渐认识到其自身作为私营经济的组成部分.正式注册的私营企业也同时开始激增.这种变化是由九十年代的公司机制改革推动的.这些改革不是主要用于促进私营经济的发展,而是改革病重的国有企业.
这篇文章将对这种非计划中的后果是如何产生以及新的公司机制是如何塑造了中国私营经济发展类型的进行回顾.