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定语从句中“介词+which/whose+名词”结构具体怎么用?什么情况下“介词+关系词”中的介词必须在关系词前

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定语从句中“介词+which/whose+名词”结构具体怎么用?什么情况下“介词+关系词”中的介词必须在关系词前
一、“介词+which+名词”结构具体怎么用?和单独用which有什么区别?
如句1-1:It rained all night and all day,during which time the ship broke in pieces.
不是说时间状语就用when=介词+which么?那我改成句1-2对否?
句1-2:It rained all night and all day,during which the ship broke in pieces.
句2-1:I called him by the wrong name,for which mistake I should apologize.
同理改成句2-2呢?I called him by the wrong name,for which I should apologize.
二、什么情况下“介词+关系词”中的介词必须在关系词前?
句3-1:She will never forget the day on which she was married.
据说句3-1中on就必须在which前,于是有结论说介词+关系词可以等同于关系副词时,介词必须在关系词前,但也见句3-2成立:
句3-2:This is small house (which) I used to live in.
于是晕了,必有重赏,
还有些关系副词可以当介宾用,这是怎么回事?如句4-1。什么时候能当介宾?when能当介宾吗?
句4-1:She climbed up to the top of temple,from where she could see some things in the distance.
1、其实“介词+which+名词”结构是代替一些特殊的形式中的that .
例如:during which time 本来是during that time ,这里的that time指的是上文中的all day and all night.由于我们不会用during then或during that这种形式,因此也不会用during which 来引导后面的定语从句.
2、第二句中的for which mistake 本来是for that mistake ,由于这并不是一个固定结构,可以用for which来改写,这里的which 指代整个上一句.
3、介词的位置
A.当介词与前面的关系代词密切,并且与后面的动词不能有意义的动词短语时,必须将介词置于关系代词前.
如:你的3-1句型.因为如果on在句尾,就成了be married on,没人看得懂.
B.而3-2中,我们有live in the house 这样的短语,因此放在前面或后面都行.不会影响别人理解.
C.还有一种介词与后面的动词构成动词短语,分开后会影响原来的意思,因此必须放在结尾, 不能放在关系代词前的,
例如:She is the girl who we are looking for.
此时,不能将for 放在前面,变成for whom,
因为你会发现句子变成了:She is the girl for whom we are looking. 谁也看不懂了.
4.from where 指代的是from there意指从那儿,when 也可以作介宾,如since then会变成since when. 意指从那里起, 例:she graduated from Peking University in 2004, since when she has lived in the USA.
希望能对你有所帮助,有不懂的还可以再问我哦!祝你学习进步
再问: 嗯谢谢!不过第1点和第2点好像有些矛盾,能否说during which的which就是指代整个主句“没日没夜地下雨(时期)”,或者我们不会用for that。我是个比较钻的家伙,弄到这些总是会晕…… 还有些关系副词可以当介宾用,这是怎么回事?如句4-1。什么时候能当介宾?when能当介宾吗?句4-1:She climbed up to the top of temple, from where she could see some things in the distance.
再答: 在一段时间内,我们一般会用during that time, 不会说during that,during then等,因此,不会有during which 这个结构,整个主句是指天一直在下雨,而不仅仅是个时间短语,此时which 不可以用来指代主句。而第二句则不同,由于第二句中的错误,就是指“我叫错了他的名字”这件事,因此可以用which来代。 后面的刚才已经补充过了。 4.from where 指代的是from there意指从那儿,when 也可以作介宾,如since then会变成since when. 意指从那里起, 例:she graduated from Peking University in 2004, since when she has lived in the USA.
再问: 好的谢谢还有个问题: 英语也有by then和by that time的说法吧?那么油然而生的by when和by that time有什么区别吗还是通用?
再答: 总体上意思差不多,但by that time-by which time更倾向于在那一时刻之间,时间概念更具体.而by then-by when意为那时之前.