英语翻译In a natural disaster—a hurricane,flood,volcanic eruptio

英语翻译
In a natural disaster—a hurricane,flood,volcanic eruption,or other catastrophes—minutes and even seconds of warning can make the difference between life and death．Because of this,scientists are working to use the latest technological advances to predict when and where disasters will happen．They are also studying how best to analyze and communicate this information once it is obtained．
\x05On September 29,1998,Hurricane Georges made landfall in Biloxi,Mississippi,after damaging Haiti,the Dominican Republic,Puerto Rico,and several islands of the Caribbean badly with torrential rains and winds up to 160 km per hour．Few people lost their lives along the Gulf Coast of the United States,although hundreds died in the Caribbean．
\x05This was a very different outcome from 1900,when a powerful Gulf Coast hurricane made an unexpected direct hit on Galveston,Texas,killing at least 6,000 people．
\x05Vastly improved hurricane warnings explain the different circumstances at either end of the 20th century——residents of Galveston had no advance warning that a storm was approaching,while residents of Biloxi had been warned days in advance,allowing for extensive safety precautions．
\x05At the same time that people in Biloxi were thankful for the advance warning,some residents of New Orleans,Louisiana were less satisfied．A day before Georges made landfall,forecasters were predicting that the hurricane had a good chance of striking New Orleans．Because much of New Orleans lies below sea level,the city is at risk for flooding．Emergency management officials must begin evacuations well before a storm strikes．But evacuation costs money:businesses close,tourists leave,and citizens take precautionary measures．The mayor of New Orleans estimated that his city' s preparations for Georges cost more than 50 million．After Georges missed New Orleans,some residents questioned the value of the hurricane forecasts in the face of such high costs．
\x05The different views on the early warnings for Hurricane Georges show some of the complexities related to predicting disasters．Disaster prediction is a process of providing scientific information to the government officials and other decision makers who must respond to those predictions．

在飓风,洪水,火山爆发或者其他自然灾害发生的时候,几分几秒的警告,都可能会挽救到生命.因此,科学家致力于应用最新的科技技术,来预测自然灾难在何时何地可能发生.他们也在研究,当获得这些消息时,如何最好地分析且进行交流.
在1998年九月29日,乔治号飓风给海地,多米尼加共和国,波多黎各和数个加勒比地区的岛屿带来了暴雨和时速160公里的狂风,造成了严重的伤害,切之后于密西西比州的比洛克希登陆了.虽然在加勒比地区这场飓风造成了数百人死亡,在墨西哥湾地区倒是很少造成死亡.
这个结果和1900年的时候发生的事很不一样,当时有一股很强的墨西哥湾飓风出乎意料地直接袭击了德克萨斯州的加尔维斯敦,造成了至少六千人死亡.
大幅进步的飓风警报解释了这两场二十世纪始末的两场飓风造成影响的不同,加尔维斯敦的居民没有收到任何关于飓风迫近的警报,而比洛克希的居民则在几天之前就收到了警告,这允许他们做全面的防灾措施.
在比洛克希的居民对灾害预警心怀感激之时,路易西安那州新奥尔良的一些居民则没有那么满意.在乔治号飓风登陆前一天,一些预测家则推断飓风很有可能会袭击到新奥尔良.因为新奥尔良很大一部分地区都出于海平面一下,这个城市很有可能会发生洪水,负责危情管理的官员必须在飓风来袭之前很久就要开始疏散民众.但是,疏散民众要花很多钱：商铺关闭,游客离开,市民们都要做防灾错失.新奥尔良市市长预测乔治号飓风的预防错失要花费超过五千万美元.在乔治号飓风与新奥尔良市擦肩而过之后,一些市民就质疑了飓风预测的价值-如果要花这么多钱的话.
对于乔治亚飓风的提早预警的那些异见反映了与灾害预测相关联的一些复杂性.灾害预测只是一个向政府官员,和那些应该对预测做出反应的团体提供科学信息的程序而已.
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