用英语分别举出：克隆人的坏处

用英语分别举出：克隆人的坏处
克隆人的坏处.句子越多越好!

Shortcoming: Mainly is in ethics, next also has the clone easily to contract the gene disease, like cancer prevalence rate big increase. First, the clone violated ethics not to injure the principle to injure by the clone.Is cloned is other individual, this individual is with the clone original sleeve entire independent other behavior main body, this main body has received the injury.What received to injure? First looked from the engineering feasibility situation that, we are unable to know in advance, if carries on the intervention change to some one kind in the function with other gene close connected gene, in organism's this kind of natural mutual diversion system can have what kind of chain-reaction.But knowledge which grasps according to at present, must want to carry on human genome team's all genes the accurate arrangement, and causes it normal display function, is simply not impossible to achieve.Was exactly this point constitutes the people to oppose a clone's important principle according to.Because who is also unable to remove this kind of kind of risk: The clone technology has the possibility to cause the massive miscarriages and the physical disabilities baby very much. Second, the clone violated ethics independent principle clone to move often occurs in the following situation: For instance, some has lost the only son to husbands and wives in the accident, they hoped he attains again “newborn”, therefore then again makes a child through the clone technology, in his/her the bodily major part genome team was formerly that child's genome team's duplication.Although like this the parents have satisfied some kind of desire to a certain extent, but this entire behavior way speaking of the child who duplicates meant actually one kind of external decision, it belongs to this child book the fortuitous that part free (so-called independent principle, manifested in this kind of freedom) has deprived, but a human's most important essential characteristic, manifested in the distinctive quality which he could not be duplicated.The German renowned philosophers worry that to think said that, a human's special priority lies in, each people all have the characteristic which its own cannot be duplicated.Above that to husbands and wives because too likes the first child, does not live the second child, but clones the second child, gives birth the second child all not too is possibly same with the first child's contour, therefore but cloned with the first child too wide difference, and so on has not actually let him “newborn”.Obviously the second child is completely in order to obey in parents' some kind of intention, took a parents' tool, the parents remember that child through him who they lose.But the distinctive quality which should enjoy as the human has then been deprived by the clone, his that kind did not need to have to have one to be bigger than 30 him or 60 year-old same body same appearance freedom, then crudely is trampled.England has a management artificial insemination organization, named artificial insemination and embryology administrative bureau, planned unexpectedly permission trouble deafness the parents in test-tube baby's cultivation, are authorized according to own will choice deafness embryo, but eliminates the health the embryo.They thought all is at deafness condition, is then advantageous to the exchange, the cultivation, but the English Imperial family Deaf Person Research institute's spokesperson said unexpectedly, this kind of kind of choice is appropriate, we support such choice.If the people all definitely may defer to own will design and the cultivation descendant, then any terror matter all possibly occurs.Deafness parents choose the embryo who gives birth to deafness, but this embryo is very possible to hope oneself is a healthy person, but this already could not achieve.He took a person natural should have one kind of open future right is denied crudely.This has certainly violated an ethics most basic principle. Third, the clone has violated the ethics equal principle in the clone activity, has a designer and by designer's relations.Moves in the clone, future humanity's gene disposition will be by the parents, doctor or the national decision, but the individual person will be merely the former decides and the creation result.We knew that, the design is take the designer as the premise, has the designer with difference by the designer the human prospect, regarding the equal principle is one kind of basic violating.Because the people are unable to reply why he or an any other person will be authorized to take the future humanity characteristic and the moral designer.Obviously here has one kind “the moral superiority feeling”, as if we, or said a doctor, the philosopher, the national chief executive has one kind to control other people strength.Not merely however this kind of point of view is absurd, moreover in politics also is extremely dangerous. China has been clear about the opposition clone, but regarding applies the clone technology in the human body medicine area of technology, then gives the practical support.Now” the scientific circles divide into the clone the medical clone and the genitality clone two kinds.The former uses the embryo stem cell clone human organs, for medical research, solution organ transplanting donor insufficient question, this is the international scientific circles and ethics educational world all supports, but has a premise, is uses in the medical clone the embryo not being able to surpass the pregnancy 14 days this boundary.But regarding the genitality clone, the clone who namely usually said, because it has been violating the life ethics principle as a whole, therefore, scientist's mainstream opinion is opposes firmly.United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, World Health Organization and the international human genome team ethics committee and the various countries' government also all extremely explicitly indicated that, opposed the genitality clone clone sheep's birth has caused the stir in the world, the primary cause has two: One is it symbolized the clone research makes the new progress and the significant breakthrough, moreover, “this result proved: In the animal body carries out the special function, has the cell and the fertilized egg which the specific shape so-called splits up highly has equally grows complete individual potential power.In other words, the zooblast and the vegetable cell are same, also has the totipotency.” Two is it already possibly is humanity's gospel, also possibly becomes humanity's ill omen, in other words, it already may the manner class benefit, also possibly causes the harm to the humanity. The modern science and technology, specially the modern life science and technology, needs to respect ethics principle, must listen attentively to ethics the sound? The concerned expert in view of some scientific madmen in the American secret clone's procedure pointed out - - the clone violates the human life ethics. Our country many media have recently reprinted an overseas media report astonishing news: A crowd the scientific madman who is operated the cults organization, the American Nevada state desert deep place is carrying on an item of clone's secret experiment.They according to the English scientists to create world first clones the sheep “the multi-advantages” the similar principle, this February dies on 10 month big US female infant body from one to withdraw the cell to make the clone.It is said that, if “will progress smooth, in the world the first clone is born in the next year year's end.” After the news disclosure, the clone technology and brings ethics question again becomes the hot spot which the people discussed.If this news is true does, how have to regard this matter, how appraises and ponders this question correctly English Rosling Research institute cloned “the multi-advantages” successfully since 1997 the sheep, the overseas some people under the fame and fortune obligation, proposed unceasingly and attempted to be engaged in clone's research.Although various countries' government public proclamation prohibition, but more than once sees the various press with clone related report in the recent two years.But, this speed is such quick, also has the connection with the cults organization, makes one feel the shock truly. Loses the favored daughter the parents, hoped causes the daughter through the clone technology to reactivate, this mood is may understand.But if the scientist carries on clone's experiment, was worth discussing.Even if puts aside the cults not to discuss, this procedure also may not take.This individual speaking of “the clone”, he can live in “me is human's replica which died” in this kind of shadow, what type influence can this have to his psychology? According to the life ethics viewpoint, the science and technology needs to embark from the long-term benefits, benefits the entire humanity.It must follow “does good deeds, does not injure, is independent and is fair” these four internationally recognized ethics principle.“The multi-advantages” the sheep cloned passed through successfully 200 many times defeats, has appeared abnormal or the die young sheep.But the clone is more complex, without doubt can come across more defeats, if makes the ill health, abnormal or the short life person, will be to the human rights one kind of infringement. The human gene multiplicity is the human evolution biology foundation, but these scientific madmen must so-called make “the immortal life”, in fact is the identical gene reprint, this has the possibility to reduce the gene the multiplicity, does not favor human itself the evolution.Therefore, regardless of from individual, whole, from the social evolution, the life ethics angle looked, all should oppose clone's behavior firmly. Now the scientific circles divide into the clone the medical clone and the genitality clone two kinds.The former uses the embryo stem cell clone human organs, for medical research, solution organ transplanting donor insufficient question, this is the international scientific circles and ethics educational world all supports, but has a premise, is uses in the medical clone the embryo not being able to surpass the pregnancy 14 days this boundary.But regarding the genitality clone, the clone who namely usually said, because it has been violating the life ethics principle as a whole, therefore, scientist's mainstream opinion is opposes firmly.United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, World Health Organization and the international human genome team ethics committee and the various countries' government also all extremely explicitly indicated that, opposes the genitality clone.Even if clone's real birth, we have had to maintain this basic standpoint. The modern science and technology is a double-edged sword, benefits humanity's while it also to be able to bring some negative effects.This asked a question to us: The modern science and technology, specially the modern life science and technology, needs to respect ethics principle, must listen attentively to ethics the sound? Professor Shen pointed out that,Now some scientists proposed, so long as in the science has the possibility to achieve, should go to do.In fact, this is the wrong viewpoint.If in the technology we can make one kind of severely impair humanity's super life, also can make? Some scientific madmen are flaunting “the science is free” the banner, makes some to harm humanity's matter.Therefore, we must be vigilant the modern science and technology the human use which harbors ulterior motives by some.Moreover, also cannot opposes the scientific freedom and ethics morals.The modern life sciences development fact indicated that, ethics standard and the guidance, has not fettered the science the development, listens attentively to ethics the sound, is advantageous is healthier in the science, develops smoothly. Advantage: In July, 1996 in one day, to English Edinburgh Rosling (Roslin) Research institute by Ian · Vyell Moot (I. Wilmut)①The leadership scientific research group all member says, is a thrilling day.To the world, also is one day which is worth congratulating.Because of in this day, a pregnancy 148 day-long shock world lamb arrived this world.This sheep's life experience is out of the ordinary, it both does not have the father, and does not have the mother, it is the scientists uses a small sheep which “the clone technology” duplicates.Protects carefully after several month-long, this life experience uncommon small sheep grows healthy and strong, and has obtained interesting to listen to name - - multi-Li (Dolly). The clone is English clone transliterating, says is simply one manual induction vegetative reproduction way.But the clone and the vegetative reproduction are different.The vegetative reproduction is refers does not pass through the female and male bisexual reproduction cell union, only has descendant's reproduction way by an organism, common has the sporogony, the reproduction by budding and the reproduction by fission.By processes and so on plant's root, stem, leaf holds down strip or grafts and so on the ways to produce the new individual also to be called the vegetative reproduction.Animals and so on sheep, monkey and cow do not have the manual control not to be able to carry on the vegetative reproduction.Scientist the process which reproduces the artificial heredity operation animal calls the clone, this biological technology is called the clone technology. The world various sizes media multi-Li produced to “the clone sheep” has made the exhaustive report from all sides, and has initiated one unprecedentedly in the world scope “the clone technology” the development advantages discussion.Is the advantage, shortcoming? Everybody holds the personal opinion respectively, is without making any mutual concessions, it may be said is “male said the male in the right, the husband's mother said the husband's mother holds true”, really difficult to talk clearly which is right and which is wrong. Many people thought the clone technological development to the entire human society, in particular the medical arena and the biological educational world will bring the huge gospel.But holds the opposing opinion mainly is these social moral philosophers.Once they think the clone technology to promote, that will be human morals perishing.They worried that, will cultivate the human embryo cell the plan finally to cause to duplicate the humanity massively.When humanity's multiplication is not depends on the natural copulation to give birth, actually depends on the high tech method assembly line work -like stereotypia duplication, then the humanity also can be called the natural humanity? How way should the Earth admit this batch of humanity's replica with? Pays attention to the scientist extremely not only regarding the clone question, the common people have also joined during this discussion. If some people come the clone using the individual clone technology, that can bring the infinite disaster to the humanity, this said is why many national government official public proclamations does not permit animal's clone technology to use in the humanity.Populace to clone view how?