作业帮英语的独立组格结构是什么?
来源：学生作业帮 编辑：拍题作业网作业帮 分类：英语作业 时间：2024/05/21 13:22:26
英语的独立组格结构是什么?
一、什么是独立主格结构
所谓独立主格结构就是一个与句子相对独立的带有逻辑主语的结构.
由于这个逻辑主语与它所支配的行为状态表达的是辅助主要句子的另一层独立的意思,加之要用代词和名词的主格形式（现代英语中名词的主格与宾格是一致的）表示,因此这种逻辑主语就称作独立主格.逻辑主语加上它所支配的行为状态就构成了一种语法结构,这种语法结构称为独立主格结构.如下列例句中的括号部分：
* (Everyone being ready),the teacher began his class.每个人都准备好后,老师开始上课.
独立主格（即逻辑主语）：Everyone
独立主格的行为状态：being ready
起到的辅助作用：表示 the teacher began his class 发生的时间
* (It being National Day today),the streets are very crowded.由于今天是国庆节,街上很拥挤.
独立主格：It
独立主格的行为状态：being National Day today
起到的辅助作用：表示the streets are very crowded 的原因
* The manager looks relaxed,(many things settled).由于许多事情已经处理好了,经理看上去很轻松.
独立主格：many things
独立主格的行为状态：settled
起到的辅助作用：表示The manager looks relaxed 的原因
二、独立主格结构的构成
独立主格由两部分组成——
1、逻辑主语（即独立主格）：由代词的主格或名词充当独立主格
2、叙述语：用来陈述逻辑主语的行为状态.
其中叙述语是独立主格的重点.
三、能够构成独立主格结构中叙述语的词语
1、现在分词（-ing 非谓语动词）
——用作时间状语,如：
The chairman began the meeting ,everyone being seated.每个人坐好后,主席开始开会.（相当于一个时间状语从句after everyone was seated）
——用作原因状语,如：
Many eyes watching him,he felt a bit nervous.许多眼睛看着他,他感到有点儿紧张.（相当于一个原因状语从句As many eyes were watching him）
——用作条件状语,如：
Time permitting,we will have a picnic next week.时间允许的话,我们下星期将进行一次野炊.（相当于一个条件状语从句If time permits)
My health allowing,I will work far into the night.我的健康许可的话,我愿工作到深夜.（相当于一个条件状语从句If my health allows）
——用作伴随方式的状语
The boy lay on the grass,his eyes looking at the sky.男孩躺在草地上,眼睛看着天空.（相当于一个并列分句and his eyes were looking at the sky）
2、过去分词（-ed非谓语动词）
* The book written in simple English,English beginners were able to read it.该书是用简单英语写的,英语初学者也能看懂（原因状语 ,= As the book was written in simple English,English beginners were able to read i）
* He was listening attentively in class,his eyes fixed on the blackboard.他上课专心听讲,眼睛紧盯着黑板.（方式状语,= He was listening attentively in class,and his eyes were fixed on the blackboard.）
* The task completed,he had two months' leave.任务完成以后,他休了两个月的假（时间状语.=When the task had been completed,he had two months' leave.）
3、不定式（to do）
* I send you 100 dollars today,the rest to follow in a year.现寄给你100美元,其余部分将在一年以后再寄.（方式状语,= I send you 100 dollars today,and the rest is to follow in a year.）
* The manager looks worried,many things to be settled.经理看上去很着急,有这么多的事情要处理.（原因状语,= The manager looks worried because many things will be settled）：.
4、形容词短语
* He turned to me,his eyes sleepy.他睡眼惺忪地转向我.（= He turned to me,and his eyes were sleepy.）
* He stood there,his mouth wide open.他站在那里,嘴张得大大的.（= He stood there,and his mouth was wide open.）
5、小品副词（指既可以用作介词又可以用作副词的词） .
* School over,we all went home.放学了,我们都回家了.（= School was over,and we all went home.）
* He sat at his desk,his shoes off.他坐在课桌旁,没穿鞋子.（ = He sat at his desk and his shoes were off.）
6、介词短语
* He is standing in front of the blackboard,his back towards us.他站在黑板面前,背对着我们.（ = He was standing in front of the blackboard,and his back was towards us.）
* The new teacher came in,a smile on her face.新老师面带微笑走了进来.（ = The new teacher came in and she had a smile on her face.）
* The teacher came into the classroom,a rule in his hand.老师走进教室,手里拿着一把直尺.（ = The teacher came in and a ruler was in his hand.）
注：表示伴随方式的独立主格结构还可以用“with + 逻辑主语 + 叙述语”表示.
请参阅我的博文：
http://hi.baidu.com/%D5%C5%B4%EF%C8%CB/blog/item/f201c2c7c2f9d5049c163d41.html
所谓独立主格结构就是一个与句子相对独立的带有逻辑主语的结构.
由于这个逻辑主语与它所支配的行为状态表达的是辅助主要句子的另一层独立的意思,加之要用代词和名词的主格形式（现代英语中名词的主格与宾格是一致的）表示,因此这种逻辑主语就称作独立主格.逻辑主语加上它所支配的行为状态就构成了一种语法结构,这种语法结构称为独立主格结构.如下列例句中的括号部分：
* (Everyone being ready),the teacher began his class.每个人都准备好后,老师开始上课.
独立主格（即逻辑主语）：Everyone
独立主格的行为状态：being ready
起到的辅助作用：表示 the teacher began his class 发生的时间
* (It being National Day today),the streets are very crowded.由于今天是国庆节,街上很拥挤.
独立主格：It
独立主格的行为状态：being National Day today
起到的辅助作用：表示the streets are very crowded 的原因
* The manager looks relaxed,(many things settled).由于许多事情已经处理好了,经理看上去很轻松.
独立主格：many things
独立主格的行为状态：settled
起到的辅助作用：表示The manager looks relaxed 的原因
二、独立主格结构的构成
独立主格由两部分组成——
1、逻辑主语（即独立主格）：由代词的主格或名词充当独立主格
2、叙述语：用来陈述逻辑主语的行为状态.
其中叙述语是独立主格的重点.
三、能够构成独立主格结构中叙述语的词语
1、现在分词（-ing 非谓语动词）
——用作时间状语,如：
The chairman began the meeting ,everyone being seated.每个人坐好后,主席开始开会.（相当于一个时间状语从句after everyone was seated）
——用作原因状语,如：
Many eyes watching him,he felt a bit nervous.许多眼睛看着他,他感到有点儿紧张.（相当于一个原因状语从句As many eyes were watching him）
——用作条件状语,如：
Time permitting,we will have a picnic next week.时间允许的话,我们下星期将进行一次野炊.（相当于一个条件状语从句If time permits)
My health allowing,I will work far into the night.我的健康许可的话,我愿工作到深夜.（相当于一个条件状语从句If my health allows）
——用作伴随方式的状语
The boy lay on the grass,his eyes looking at the sky.男孩躺在草地上,眼睛看着天空.（相当于一个并列分句and his eyes were looking at the sky）
2、过去分词（-ed非谓语动词）
* The book written in simple English,English beginners were able to read it.该书是用简单英语写的,英语初学者也能看懂（原因状语 ,= As the book was written in simple English,English beginners were able to read i）
* He was listening attentively in class,his eyes fixed on the blackboard.他上课专心听讲,眼睛紧盯着黑板.（方式状语,= He was listening attentively in class,and his eyes were fixed on the blackboard.）
* The task completed,he had two months' leave.任务完成以后,他休了两个月的假（时间状语.=When the task had been completed,he had two months' leave.）
3、不定式（to do）
* I send you 100 dollars today,the rest to follow in a year.现寄给你100美元,其余部分将在一年以后再寄.（方式状语,= I send you 100 dollars today,and the rest is to follow in a year.）
* The manager looks worried,many things to be settled.经理看上去很着急,有这么多的事情要处理.（原因状语,= The manager looks worried because many things will be settled）：.
4、形容词短语
* He turned to me,his eyes sleepy.他睡眼惺忪地转向我.（= He turned to me,and his eyes were sleepy.）
* He stood there,his mouth wide open.他站在那里,嘴张得大大的.（= He stood there,and his mouth was wide open.）
5、小品副词（指既可以用作介词又可以用作副词的词） .
* School over,we all went home.放学了,我们都回家了.（= School was over,and we all went home.）
* He sat at his desk,his shoes off.他坐在课桌旁,没穿鞋子.（ = He sat at his desk and his shoes were off.）
6、介词短语
* He is standing in front of the blackboard,his back towards us.他站在黑板面前,背对着我们.（ = He was standing in front of the blackboard,and his back was towards us.）
* The new teacher came in,a smile on her face.新老师面带微笑走了进来.（ = The new teacher came in and she had a smile on her face.）
* The teacher came into the classroom,a rule in his hand.老师走进教室,手里拿着一把直尺.（ = The teacher came in and a ruler was in his hand.）
注：表示伴随方式的独立主格结构还可以用“with + 逻辑主语 + 叙述语”表示.
请参阅我的博文：
http://hi.baidu.com/%D5%C5%B4%EF%C8%CB/blog/item/f201c2c7c2f9d5049c163d41.html