请问现在分词,过去分词和比较级的变化如题

请问现在分词,过去分词和比较级的变化如题
加ing的规则 加ed的规则 加er,est的规则

ing ：直接加 ing 以字母e结尾不发音的去e加ing 重读音结尾的双写加ing ed ：直接+ed 以e结尾直接加d 以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加ed 以1个元音字母加1个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节,双写最后一个辅音字母再加ed er、est ：直接+er est 以e结尾直接+r st 字尾為子音+y時,將y改为i再加er及est （注意：母音+y時,直接加er及est.Ex.gray-grayer-grayest） 短母音+子音,重複子音再加er及est 详情如下 ：一ing 1.大多动词直接在词尾加-ing,比如：go-going,work-working,study-studying,look-looking,do-doing,eat-eating,play-playing,read-reading,wash-washing,plant-planting,borrow-borrowing,pick-picking,paint-painting,cry-crying,took-tooking (v.拿,占领,接受） climb-climbing 2.有的以不发音的e字母结尾的动词,要去掉e再加-ing,比如：make-making,write-writing,skate-skating,close–closing,come-coming,make–making,take-taking,have-having,dance-dancing,smile-smiling,ride-riding,become-becoming,若结尾的e 发音,就不能去掉,如：see-seeing 3.以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,要双写这一辅音字母,再加-ing.例如：run-running,swim-swimming,get – getting,sit–sitting,put–putting,begin–beginning,hit-hitting stop-stopping 如果结尾是元音字母加辅音字母组合,就直接加-ing.比如：drawing,playing 二ed 规则动词的过去式词尾变化有几种：1．一般情况下加ed,如watched,planted,watered,pulled,climbed,picked.2．以不发音字母e结尾的加d,如liked,moved,tasted.3．以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加ed,如study——studied.4．以1个元音字母加1个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节,双写最后一个辅音字母再加ed,如stop——stopped.词尾读音有3种：a．在浊辅音和元音后读[d],如lived,watered,listened,played.b．在清辅音后读[t],如liked,helped,watched.c．在[t],[d]音后读[Id],如planted,wanted,handed(上交).不规则动词的过去式变化则没有什么规律,请大家背熟记牢：sit —— sat ——s throw —— threw am,is —— was drink —— drank draw —— drew are —— were sing —— sang fly ——flew do —— did 三形容词 規則變化：短字 +er / est more / most 長字 ＊ 單音節的字在字尾加er及est tall - taller - tallest long - longer -longest clean -cleaner - cleanest warm - warmer -warmest high - higher - highest dark - darker - darkest ＊ 字尾有e時,只加r及st nice - nicer - nicest close - closer -closest cute - cuter - cutest wide – wider -widest safe - safer – safest gentle –gentler -gentlest ＊ 字尾為子音+y時,將y改為i再加er及est happy –happier-happiest pretty-prettier-prettiest dirty-dirtier-dirtiest heavy-heavier-heaviest noisy-noisier-noisiest easy-easier-easiest 注意：母音+y時,直接加er及est.Ex.gray-grayer-grayest ＊ 短母音+子音,重複子音再加er及est big -bigger-biggest hot -hotter-hottest sad -sadder-saddest fat -fatter-fattest thin -thinner-thinnest glad -gladder-gladdest red -redder-reddest ＊ more / most 長字 (三音節以上的字及大多數二音節字,特別由 –ful,-less,-able,ive,ing 結尾的字) beautiful - more beautiful - most beautiful active – more active – most active interesting – more interesting – most interesting 注意：happy(二音節)-happier à unhappy(三音節)-unhappier ＊ 有些形容詞可以加er及est或前面加上more / most來形成比較級和最高級 polite – politer 或 more polite – politest 或 most polite 其他如：quiet ,handsome ,common ,pleasant 不規則變化：good / well better best bad worse worst many / much more most ＊old older elder oldest eldest 年齡的比較、事物的新舊 長幼順序 ＊late later較晚的 latter稍後的 latest最新近的 last 最後的 時間的先後 順序的先後 ＊far farther更遠 further更進一步；更遠 farthest furthest 表示距離 表示程度或距離 little less littler least littlest 關於量,much的相反 表示大小,等於small ＊My elder brother is three years older than your younger sister.His eldest son is the oldest student in our school.My sweater is older than yours.哥哥姊姊 elder brother/sister = older brother/sister ＊She came later than usual.(她比平常晚到.) The Internet will give you the latest news.(網路會提供你最新的消息.) He will be free in the latter part of the week.(他本週的下半周有空.) His latest book may be his last book.(他最近出的書可能是他最後的書了.) ＊Kaohsiung is farther(further) from Taipei than Keelung.(從台北到高雄比到基隆遠.) The farthest(furthest) planet from the earth is Pluto.(離地球最遠的行星式冥王星.) I have nothing further to say on the subject.(對於這個主題我沒有什麼要講的了.) Have you any further need of me?(你還有要我幫忙的嗎?) ＊ 很少 few – fewer – fewest + 可數名詞 little – less – least + 不可數名詞