英语翻译The logic of the lower middle income trap goes like this

英语翻译
The logic of the lower middle income trap goes like this.China took off by allowing market mechanisms,particularly opening to foreign direct investment,(supported by a policy of limiting increases in the value of the RMB and thereby running consistent large trade surpluses) to spur growth through export oriented manufacturing.Relatively skilled (i.e.,literate) Chinese workers from the countryside fueled the low cost labor forces for assembly manufacturing.The Chinese value added (and productivity) in total export production was low,but being greater than the value added from subsistence farming was sufficient to fuel a boom,even as China exported significantly more than it imported.(The greater value added rates accrued to components from places like Singapore and Japan,designs and intellectual property from the U.S.and the EU.) The dramatic shift of the population to the city factories from the rural regions reinforced the needs for new infrastructure generated by export manufacturing (e.g.,roads,ports,and communications).High Chinese savings rates made impressive infrastructure investment feasible.Thus,China escaped poverty and became a lower middle income country with a burgeoning urban middle class and a stunning new infrastructure in urban regions in a few decades.
While this logic is widely accepted,it by no means is the only path to “lower middle income status” or beyond.There is in fact,no evidence that running persistent trade surpluses spurs growth in the moderate term.In fact,to the extent trade surpluses are run by limiting imports of capital goods they will retard long-term growth.But nonetheless,this is the view that many,not just in China have,of the optimal path to development.
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逻辑陷阱下层中产收入是这样的.中国通过允许起飞,特别是开放市场机制对外国直接投资,(支持增长的政策限制人民币价值的一致性,从而运行巨大的贸易盈余)来刺激增长通过出口制造.较熟练的(例如,有文化)中国工人从农村生育率低成本劳动力生产组装.中国增值(和生产率)在总出口生产低,但当大于增值从生存,农业是繁荣的足够的燃料,尽管中国出口比进口显著.(更多的附加价值率属于成分从新加坡和日本这样的地方,设计及知识产权来自美国和欧盟.)这个戏剧性的转变到这个城市的人口从农村地区工厂钢筋的需要,所产生的新的基础设施的出口加工(如、公路、港口、以及通信).中国的储蓄率高了令人印象深刻的基础设施投资的可行性.因此,中国摆脱了贫困,成为一个较低的中等收入国家,新兴的城市中产阶级,和一个让人眼花缭乱的新基础设施在城市地区,在几十年的时间.
而被广泛地接受了这一逻辑,它绝不是唯一通往“下层中产收入状况”甚至更远.事实上,没有证据显示运行持续增长的贸易盈余马刺适度的术语.事实上,在一定程度上是由贸易顺差限制进口资本货物的会妨碍他们长期的增长.尽管如此,这是视图,许多俄罗斯人,不仅是在中国,发展的最优路径.