one ,ones ,that ,the one,those,this,当做指示代词的区别.

one ,ones ,that ,the one,those,this,当做指示代词的区别.

One,the one,ones,the ones,that,those与it的指代用法近年来在高考中既是重点也是难点,区分度较高,同学们解答此类试题,要区分空格处是特指还是泛指,是单数还是复数,现将它们区别如下：
①one指代上文提到的单数人的人或物,指“同一类中的一个”,表示泛指意义：即：a/an十单数可数名词.
The population problem may be the greatest one of the world today.（one=a problem）
The editor-in-chief asked me to write another article for them,one about how to prevent bird flu.（one=an article）
②the one 指代上文的单数可数名词,可以用形容词放在one之前修饰,one后也可以接后置定语修饰,专指“同类的那/这一个.”表示特指的含义.即the+单数可数名词.
The film is not as good as the one I saw yesterday.（the one=the film）
Is this school the one you visited last year?（the one=the school）
③ones指上文提到的复数的人或物,表示“同类中的许多”,表示泛指意义.
These apple are bigger than those ones.（ones=apples）
These shoes are too small.Please get met some larger ones.(ones=shoes)
④the ones指上文的复数可数名词,ones之前可以有形容词修饰.也可以用后置定语修饰,专指“同类中的那/这一些”.表示特指,即the+可数名词复数.
He advised farmers to choose the best seed-heads,the onesthat had the best colour.(the ones=the seed-heads)
The ones who want to leave may go now.
Pass me the books,the ones on the shelf.(the ones=the books)
⑤that指上文出现的名词,表示同类的东西,一般不指人,既可指代可数名词单数,又可指代不可数名词,常要求有后置定语修饰,表特指,相当于the one Kunming better
The weather of this week is worse than that of last week.(that=the weather)
Few pleasures can equal that of a cool drink on a hot day.(that=the pleasure)
The population of China is larger than that of Japan.(that=the population)
⑥those 用来代替复数可数名词,常要求有后置定语,表示特指.即the+复数可数名词.相当于the ones.
The students in Class one are more than those in Class Two.(those=the students)
The mistakes made by Chinese students are quite different from those made by the Japanese students in English study.(those=the mistde)
⑦it 指上文提到的同一事物,与前面名词是同一个,表特指.即the/所有格/that/this+单数可数名词.
I have a pen.It is blue.(it=my pen)
Is this book yours,I want to use it.(it=your book)
Her interests are different from those of her childhood.(those=the interests)