作业帮请求解释个英语语法问题
来源：学生作业帮 编辑：拍题作业网作业帮 分类：综合作业 时间：2024/04/24 20:29:42
请求解释个英语语法问题
Attached to the booking confirmation will be a note showing the balance due on your holiday and the date by which it is payable.
这是剑桥雅思阅读里的一句原话,请问在关系副词which前为什么要加by,还有一些句子是to which,with which等.都不太理解前面的那个介词,
十分感谢朋友们的回答，那向下面这句里的 "Half Of Which" 又是怎么理解呢？
When a sprinter runs,Yessis explains,her foot stays in contact with the ground for just under a tenth of a second,half of which is devoted to landing and the other half to pushing off.
Attached to the booking confirmation will be a note showing the balance due on your holiday and the date by which it is payable.
这是剑桥雅思阅读里的一句原话,请问在关系副词which前为什么要加by,还有一些句子是to which,with which等.都不太理解前面的那个介词,
十分感谢朋友们的回答，那向下面这句里的 "Half Of Which" 又是怎么理解呢？
When a sprinter runs,Yessis explains,her foot stays in contact with the ground for just under a tenth of a second,half of which is devoted to landing and the other half to pushing off.
要解答你的问题需要从两个方面着手,即,语法与词法.
1） 语法问题：
定语从句的引导词在定语从句里有三个功能：a/ 引出定语从句；b/ 在从句中代替先行词的词义；c/ 在从句中做一个语法功能.根据这三点,我们不妨将你的原句中定语从句单独拆分出来 “by which it is payable”,which 在从句中代替了先行词的词义,则 “by the date it is payable”.将句子弄顺后,“it is payable by the date”.能理解吗?
2） 词法问题：
by 介词的词义在这里是 “截止到 .时候”,这样,你就明白了了吧.
关于其他几个介词 “to which” “with which” 等等,见例句 a/ We have sent you the agreement to which several other supporting document are attached.； b/ The government official distributed the tools with which local people are fighting the flooding.
使用合适的介词要看定语从句中动词或句意来确定,像第一句用了 “to” ,那是 attach 所需要的,第二句用了 “with” ,那是fight flooding with some tools 所需要的.
若再有不清楚,欢迎追问,以求理解.
再问： 十分感谢您的回答，有点懂了，谢谢。那向下面这句里的 "Half Of Which" 又是怎么理解呢？ When a sprinter runs, Yessis explains, her foot stays in contact with the ground for just under a tenth of a second, half of which is devoted to landing and the other half to pushing off.
再答： 不错，这里的现行词是 “a tenth of a second” ，half of which 在定语从句中做主语，引导词在定语从句里做 of 的介词宾语。即：half of a tenth of a second （which）。
1） 语法问题：
定语从句的引导词在定语从句里有三个功能：a/ 引出定语从句；b/ 在从句中代替先行词的词义；c/ 在从句中做一个语法功能.根据这三点,我们不妨将你的原句中定语从句单独拆分出来 “by which it is payable”,which 在从句中代替了先行词的词义,则 “by the date it is payable”.将句子弄顺后,“it is payable by the date”.能理解吗?
2） 词法问题：
by 介词的词义在这里是 “截止到 .时候”,这样,你就明白了了吧.
关于其他几个介词 “to which” “with which” 等等,见例句 a/ We have sent you the agreement to which several other supporting document are attached.； b/ The government official distributed the tools with which local people are fighting the flooding.
使用合适的介词要看定语从句中动词或句意来确定,像第一句用了 “to” ,那是 attach 所需要的,第二句用了 “with” ,那是fight flooding with some tools 所需要的.
若再有不清楚,欢迎追问,以求理解.
再问： 十分感谢您的回答，有点懂了，谢谢。那向下面这句里的 "Half Of Which" 又是怎么理解呢？ When a sprinter runs, Yessis explains, her foot stays in contact with the ground for just under a tenth of a second, half of which is devoted to landing and the other half to pushing off.
再答： 不错，这里的现行词是 “a tenth of a second” ，half of which 在定语从句中做主语，引导词在定语从句里做 of 的介词宾语。即：half of a tenth of a second （which）。