作业帮关于英语的高级问题1 为什么要用独立主格 2 什么情况下使用 3 独立主格和非限制性定语的区别
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关于英语的高级问题
1 为什么要用独立主格 2 什么情况下使用 3 独立主格和非限制性定语的区别
1 为什么要用独立主格 2 什么情况下使用 3 独立主格和非限制性定语的区别
独立主格
（一）：独立主格结构的构成：
名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词；
名词(代词)+形容词；
名词(代词)+副词；
名词(代词)+不定式；
名词(代词) +介词短语构成.
（二） 独立主格结构的特点：
1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同,它独立存在.
2）名词或代词与后面的分词,形容词,副词,不定 式,介词等是主谓关系.
3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开.
举例：
The test finished,we began our holiday.
= When the test was finished,we began our holiday.
考试结束了,我们开始放假.
The president assassinated,the whole country was in deep sorrow.
= After the president was assassinated,the whole country was in deep sorrow.
总统被谋杀了,举国上下沉浸在悲哀之中.
Weather permitting,we are going to visit you tomorrow.
如果天气允许,我们明天去看你.
This done,we went home.
工作完成后,我们才回家.
The meeting gone over,everyone tired to go home earlier.
会议结束后,每个人都想早点回家.
He came into the room,his ears red with cold.
他回到了房子里,耳朵冻坏了.
He came out of the library,a large book under his arm.
他夹着本厚书,走出了图书馆
限制性和非限制性定语从句
1) 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种.限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分,去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明,去掉了也不会影响主句的意思,它与主句之间通常用逗号分开,例如：
This is the house which we bought last month.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子.（限制性）
The house,which we bought last month,is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮,是我们上个月买的.（非限制性）
2) 当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时,其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的,例如：
Charles Smith,who was my former teacher,retired last year.查理·史密斯去年退休了,他曾经是我的老师.
My house,which I bought last year,has got a lovely garden.我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园.
This novel,which I have read three times,is very touching.这本小说很动人,我已经读了三遍.
3) 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词,对其进行修饰,这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数,例如：
He seems not to have grasped what I meant,which greatly upsets me.他似乎没抓住我的意思,这使我心烦.
Liquid water changes to vapor,which is called evaporation.液态水变为蒸汽,这就叫做蒸发.
说明：关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句.
（一）：独立主格结构的构成：
名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词；
名词(代词)+形容词；
名词(代词)+副词；
名词(代词)+不定式；
名词(代词) +介词短语构成.
（二） 独立主格结构的特点：
1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同,它独立存在.
2）名词或代词与后面的分词,形容词,副词,不定 式,介词等是主谓关系.
3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开.
举例：
The test finished,we began our holiday.
= When the test was finished,we began our holiday.
考试结束了,我们开始放假.
The president assassinated,the whole country was in deep sorrow.
= After the president was assassinated,the whole country was in deep sorrow.
总统被谋杀了,举国上下沉浸在悲哀之中.
Weather permitting,we are going to visit you tomorrow.
如果天气允许,我们明天去看你.
This done,we went home.
工作完成后,我们才回家.
The meeting gone over,everyone tired to go home earlier.
会议结束后,每个人都想早点回家.
He came into the room,his ears red with cold.
他回到了房子里,耳朵冻坏了.
He came out of the library,a large book under his arm.
他夹着本厚书,走出了图书馆
限制性和非限制性定语从句
1) 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种.限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分,去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明,去掉了也不会影响主句的意思,它与主句之间通常用逗号分开,例如：
This is the house which we bought last month.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子.（限制性）
The house,which we bought last month,is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮,是我们上个月买的.（非限制性）
2) 当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时,其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的,例如：
Charles Smith,who was my former teacher,retired last year.查理·史密斯去年退休了,他曾经是我的老师.
My house,which I bought last year,has got a lovely garden.我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园.
This novel,which I have read three times,is very touching.这本小说很动人,我已经读了三遍.
3) 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词,对其进行修饰,这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数,例如：
He seems not to have grasped what I meant,which greatly upsets me.他似乎没抓住我的意思,这使我心烦.
Liquid water changes to vapor,which is called evaporation.液态水变为蒸汽,这就叫做蒸发.
说明：关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句.