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关系代词何时可以省略?

来源:学生作业帮 编辑:拍题作业网作业帮 分类:英语作业 时间:2024/03/29 05:51:23
关系代词何时可以省略?
关系代词有who,whose,whom,which,that等,主要用来引导定语从句,它一方面代表定语从句所修饰的那个名词,另一方面在从句中充当一个成分,如主语,宾语,表语,定语等.
1.关系代词which,whom,who,that在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略.
Here is the man (who/that/whom)you're been looking for.
以下情况不能省略:
(1)在介词+whom与介词+which中,whom,which不能省略.
Do you know any shops nearby in which I can buy flowers?
That is the headmaster with whom my father was talking just now.
注:当介词放在动词后时,which,whom就可以省略.
Who is the man (whom) you talked with just now?
(2)在非限制性定语从句中,作宾语的关系代词也不能省略.
Mr Green,whom you know,is the tallest in our school.
The elephant is like a spear,as anybody can see.
(3)在the same ...as,such...as,as...as,the same...that中,as,that即使作宾语,也不能省略I have bought the same bicycle as you have (bought).(指同类用as)
This is the same book that I read the day before yesterday.(that指同一个)
(4)当由and,but,or等连词连接两个或两个以上的定语从句修饰一个先行词时,第一个关系代词可省,但第二,第三个不可省略.
This is the book (which) I read yesterday and which I find very interesting.
2.当that在从句中作补语时可以省略.
He is not the man (that) he used to be.
She is all (that) a teacher should be.
3.在there be 结构中出现定语从句,或在定语从句中出现there be 时,用作主语的关系代词也可省略.
There is a man downstairs (who) wants to see you.
This is the best dictionary (that) there is in the library.
4.状语的省略
(1)当先行词是reason,而且定语从句中作原因状语时,关系代词可用why,that,也可以省略.
The reason (why/that) he failed was his laziness.
That is the reason (why) I did it.
(2)当先行词是way,且在定语从句中作方式状语时,关系代词可用in which,that,也可以省略.
The way (in which/that) these comrades look at problems is wrong.
That was the way (in which/that) she worked the problem out.
注意:当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,不省略.
例如:I don't know the way that/ which leads to the top of the mountains.
(3)当先行词是time时,关系代词可用when,that 或省略.
The second time (that) I saw him was in 1980.
I don't know the exact time (when/that) the sports meet will take place.
注意:关系代词作宾语有时也不能省略.
另:关系代词that在从句中作宾语或表语时可省略,例如:
I've forgotten much of the Latin I once knew.
我过去懂拉丁语,现在大都忘了.
He's changed.He's not the man he was.
他变化很大,已不是过去的他了.
资料可见:
建议多看看语法书,或者多问问同学和老师.光看资料是不一定能看懂的,关于语法的说明往往晦涩难懂,所以问问别人是必要的.