英语翻译If an apparatus cracks or breaks due to thermal or mecha

来源：学生作业帮编辑：拍题作业网作业帮分类：化学作业时间：2024/04/19 15:03:54

英语翻译
If an apparatus cracks or breaks due to thermal or mechanical shock,the hazards are sufficient to make it desirable to consider using quartz apparatus since it is necessary in many experiments to chill perchloric acid rapidly from the boiling point.Glass-to-glass unions,lubricated with 72% perchloric acid,seal well and prevent joint freezing arising from the use of silicon lubricants.Rubber stoppers,tubes,or stopcocks are incompatible with perchloric acid.

这段话的翻译如下：
如果一台机器由于热膨胀或机械损伤,那么,用石英机器是一个明智之举.因为在许多实验里,需要使高氯酸从沸点迅速冷却.玻璃仪器用质量分数为百分之七十二的高氯酸润滑后,密封比较好,并且,能避免因使用硅润滑剂造成的暴沸.软木塞、试管和橡皮塞对高氯酸都是不适用的.
这段话包括一些化学物质的名称,比如：silicon是硅,硅有暗棕色无定形粉末和性质稳定的晶体（结晶硅）两种,结晶硅是由原子直接构成的,具有明显的金属光泽,呈灰色.结晶型的硅是暗黑蓝色的,很脆,是典型的半导体.具有金刚石的晶体结构,化学式为Si.perchloric acid是高氯酸,是氯的含氧酸,是无色透明的发烟液体,也是最强的含氧酸,和浓硫酸、硝酸一样,具有强氧化性,与有机物、还原剂、易燃物如硫、磷等接触或混合时有引起燃烧爆炸的危险,与金属反应时,不是生成氢气,而是生成氯气（或氯化氢）、高氯酸盐和水.在室温下分解,加热则爆炸.无水物与水起猛烈作用而放热,它和盐酸、硫酸、硝酸一样,具有强腐蚀性.希望我能帮助你解疑释惑.

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