如何划线提问

如何划线提问

对划线部分提问,即针对句子中的某一成分提出问题,实际上是把一个陈述句变成由特殊疑问词引导的特殊疑问句的过程.要做好这种类型的题目关键在于掌握其特点,选择正确的疑问词.初学时,可采用“三步法”进行练习.
（1）首先将原句由陈述句变为一般疑问句（划线部分是主语或主语的定语除外）.这一步中需要特别注意语序以及动词的形式.如：
Peter has lost his tickets for the concert．
变成一般疑问句：
Has Peter lost his tickets for the concert?
（2）确定划线部分的成分,并据此选用相应的特殊疑问词.
如：例句中划线部分为宾语,且指物,因而选用特殊疑问词 what.
（3）将特殊疑问词置于一般疑问句之首,同时去掉划线部分（若划线部分包含谓语,则谓语动词改用do来替代）.
因此上例可变为：
What has Peter lost?
下面介绍如何做“对句子各成分的划线提问题”的方法.
1）对主语提问.
对主语提问时,只需选择一个恰当的疑问词代替划线部分,句子的语序不变,指人用who,指物用what或which.如：
①Miss Wang teaches us English．→
Who teaches you English?
②There are three trees beside the house．→
What are beside the house?（一般不用 what is there或what are there）
2）对谓语提问.
划线部分是谓语时,不管其后接宾语与否,疑问词都用what,并用do的适当形式代替谓语部分.如：
①We often watch TV on Saturday evening．→
What do you often do on Saturday evening?
②They are listening to the teacher now．→
What are they doing now?
3）对宾语提问.
①主句中的谓语动词是know,tell,ask,remember等一类词时,对宾语从句中的某一部分划线提问可以首先把主句改成一般疑问句,再加上就划线部分提问变化后的宾语从句.即：


例：
a）I know Miss Gao is our English teacher．→
Do you know who is our English teacher?
b）He knows Lucy is twelve years old．→
Does he know how old Lucy is?
c）I remember she was not here yesterday．→
Do you remember when she was not here?
②主句中的谓语动词是think,say,guess,suppose等一类词时,对宾语从句中的某一部分划线提问可以首先把主句变成一般疑问句,然后把疑问句提到句首.即：


例：
a）She said her mother was ill．→
Who did she say was ill?
b）I think we’ll have an English exam tomorrow．→
When do you think we’ll have an English exam?
c）He guesses my grandmother lives in a village．→
Where does he guess my grandmother live?
注意：如果对介词宾语提问,要把介词与疑问词一起放在句首,若是固定结构的介词,则不提前.如：
a）He’s preparing for an exam now．→
What is he preparing for now?
b）She will live with her grandmother next week．→
With whom will she live next week?
4）对表语提问.
对表语提问要根据表语所表示的不同意思,选择不同的疑问词代替划线部分.
①问身份,用who.例：
He is my classmate．→
Who is he?
②问职业,用what.例：
My sister is a nurse．→
What is your sister?
③问年龄,用 how old.例：
Tom is twenty years old．→
How old is Tom?
④问谁的,用whose.例：
The English dictionary is his．→
Whose is the English dictionary?
⑤问时间,用 what time.例：
It's half past six now．→
What time is it now?
⑥问地点,用where.例：
Our teacher is in the classroom．→
Where is your teacher?
⑦问健康状况,用how.例：
Lin Hua is very well．→
How is Lin Hua?
⑧问星期,用 what day.例：
It’s Sunday today．→
What day is it today?
⑨问日期,用 what…date.例：
Yesterday was May．1．→
What was the date yesterday?
⑩重量,用 how heavy.例：
The weight of the stone is as much as fifteen tons．→
How heavy is the stone?
(11)问长（宽、高、厚）,用 how long（wide,tall,high,thick）.例：
The road is about ten kilometres long．→
How long is the road?
(12)问距离,用 how far.例：
It is about ten minutes'walk from the school to myhome．→
How far is it from the school to your home?
(13)问颜色,用 what colour.例：
My raincoat is green．→
What colour is your raincoat?
(14)问动词不定式和动名词,用what.例：
My wish is to be a teacher．→
What is your wish?
My work is teaching English?→
What is your work?
(15)问形容词、过去分词和现在分词,用what…like或how.例：
The weather is wonderful．→
What is the weather like?
The door is locked．→
How is the door?
The little girl is crying．→
How is the little girl?
(16)问状态,用 in what condition.例：
The workers are on strike．→
In what condition are the workers?
(17)问加减乘除运算的结果,用 how much.例：
Two plus two is four．→
How much is two plus two?
(18)问数量,用how many（可数名词）, how much（不可数名词）.例：
There are five people in the room．→
How many people are there in the room?
There is some water in the bottle．
How much water is there in the bottle?
5）对定语提问.
划线部分是修饰主语的定语,句子的语序不变,划线部分修饰宾语或表语的定语时,必须把代替划线部分的疑问词和它所修饰的词一起放在句首.问谁的用whose；问哪个用which或what；问数量用 how many（much）．如：
①That’s Wei Fang’s dictionary?→
Whose dictionary is that?
②That man in blue is my uncle．→
Which man is your uncle?
③I borrowed ten books from the library．→
How many books did you borrow from the library?
6）对状语提问.
针对状语提问时,指时间的疑问词用 when（what time）,指地点的用where,表示原因的用why,表示程度、方式的用how.如：

对A提问：Where did you meet Joan yesterday?
对B提问：When did you meet Joan in the street?
②She stopped talking because the teacher had enteredthe classroom．→
Why did she stop talking?
③I like the film very much．→
How do you like the film?
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有不会的欢迎再继续问我(*^__^*)