英语翻译一、翻译一句话：区域防雷接地系统设计二、文献Energetic radiation associated wit

英语翻译
一、翻译一句话：区域防雷接地系统设计
二、文献
Energetic radiation associated with lightning stepped-leaders
Introduction
Schonland and Collens [1934] discovered that the early stage of most cloud-to-ground lightning strikes consists of a negative leader that descends from a thundercloud; it “advances in a series of steps,each about 50 yards long,and pauses for about fifty microseconds after each such step,behaving as if it were exhausted and needed time to recuperate.After a pause,the process is repeated with a new step downwards,the new movement involving a rejuvenation of the part of the channel already created by the streamer,which gives out a burst of light along its whole length,though not as brightly as does the new step.Each step is made in a different direction from the previous one,and it is at the start of a new step that the streamer sometimes forms forks or branches,whereupon the leader continually divides along different paths,each itself involving a series of steps.” [Schonland,1950]
Stekolnikov and Shkilyov [1965] later studied long,negative sparks in a high-voltage laboratory using an electronoptical converter on negative-rod-to-positive-plane discharges in gaps ranging from one to three meters in length.They discovered that a stepped leader propagates by creating “impulse corona flashes” and “space leaders” ahead of the tip of a negative leader.The “space leader” consists of a new channel forming ahead of the leader with the negative end of the channel moving toward the positive plane while the positive end of the channel propagates backward,toward the tip of the negative leader.Stekolnikov and Shkilyov suggested that when the positive end of the channel connects to the tip of the negative leader,the length of the leader increases by one step and its new tip rapidly assumes the source potential whereupon new space leaders develop in the air ahead of the new tip.
This behavior of the strike-initiating negative leaders; advancing in steps,with the leader changing its direction with each step,with branching occurring during the initiation ofa new step,and with the development of new channels out ahead of the leader tip before a step is made,all suggest that the tip of the leader may become a source for ionizing radiation.This radiation,coupled with the strong electric fields near the tip,may be the cause of the new channels ahead of the leader.
我这儿分数不多,但这个文献很重要,..

1.Regional Lightning grounding system design
2.高能辐射与闪电加强领导
导言
Schonland和Collens [ 1934 ]发现,早期大多数云对地闪电由一个消极的领导人,降从thundercloud ;它“进步了一系列步骤,每个大约50码长,并暂停约50微秒后,每一步骤,举止,好象这是用尽,需要时间来恢复.经过暂停,重复整个过程向下一个新的台阶,新的运动,涉及复兴的一部分渠道已经建立的飘带,它给出了一阵轻沿其整个长度,但不是作为一样明亮新的一步.每一步都是在不同的方向从上一次,这是开始一个新的步骤,飘带有时形式叉子或分支机构,在这种情况下领导者不断分裂沿不同的路径,每个本身涉及的一系列步骤.“ [ Schonland ,1950 ]
Stekolnikov和Shkilyov [ 1965 ]长期研究后,消极火花在高电压实验室使用electronoptical转换消极棒到积极面放电的差距从2点59米长.他们发现,进一步加强领导,创造传播“脉冲电晕闪烁”和“空间领导人”前面的冰山负领先.“空间领袖”包括一个新的渠道形成未来领导人的负面结束频道朝着积极的飞机,而积极的结束频道传播落后,走向冰山的负面领导人.Stekolnikov和Shkilyov建议在积极年底通道连接到冰山的负面领导人的长度增加了领导者的一个步骤和新的提示迅速假设源潜在据此制定新的空间领导人在空气中领先新的提示.
这种行为的罢工开始消极领导人;推进的步骤,以改变其方向的领导人与每一步,期间发生的分支业务基金的启动新的一步,并与开发新的渠道,出人头地的领导人面前的一个步骤提示是,所有建议,冰山的领导人可能会成为一个来源电离辐射.这种辐射,再加上强大的电场附近的提示,可能是造成新的渠道未来的领导者.